Table 3.
Clinical Characteristics at Time of RVI Onset for SOT Recipients
| Characteristic | Patient With RVI | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All Patients, First Event (N = 159) | hMPV (n = 20) | Influenza (n = 19) | PIV (n = 29) | RSV (n = 40) | Rhinovirusc (n = 82) | |
| Clinical parameters | ||||||
| Age at transplant (median [IQR]) (years) | 1.72 (0.72–4.46) | 0.96 0.70–4.69) | 2.41 (0.78–5.46) | 2.46 (0.97–3.97) | 1.41 (0.78–3.10) | 1.62 (0.73–3.59) |
| Days from SOT to RVI onset (median [IQR]) | 99 (19–236) | 163.5 (64–298.5) | 195 (33–317) | 93 (30–131) | 109 (17.5–289.5) | 100.5 (14–219) |
| Lower respiratory tract involved at onset (n [%]) | ||||||
| Yes | 56 (35) | 10 (50) | 2 (11) | 11 (41) | 17 (43) | 27 (33) |
| No | 103 (65) | 10 (50) | 17 (89) | 17 (59) | 23 (57) | 55 (67) |
| Fever within 48 hours of RVI onset (n [%]) | ||||||
| Yes | 86 (54) | 9 (45) | 15 (79) | 13 (45) | 17 (43) | 48 (59) |
| No | 73 (46) | 11 (55) | 4 (21) | 16 (55) | 23 (57) | 34 (41) |
| Chronic lung disease (n [%]) | ||||||
| Yes | 31 (20) | 4 (20) | 4 (21) | 3 (10) | 6 (15) | 19 (23) |
| No | 128 (80) | 16 (80) | 15 (79) | 26 (90) | 34 (85) | 63 (77) |
| Respiratory support (n [%])a,b | ||||||
| Yes | 39 (25) | 3 (15) | 3 (16) | 4 (14) | 13 (33) | 25 (30) |
| No | 120 (75) | 17 (85) | 16 (84) | 25 (86) | 27 (67) | 57 (70) |
| ICU admission (n [%])b | ||||||
| Yes | 45 (28) | 4 (20) | 2 (11) | 7 (24) | 11 (28) | 27 (33) |
| No | 114 (72) | 16 (80) | 17 (89) | 22 (76) | 29 (72) | 55 (67) |
| Renal support (n [%])b | ||||||
| Yes | 3 (2) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (2) |
| No | 156 (98) | 20 (100) | 18 (95) | 29 (100) | 40 (100) | 80 (98) |
| Pharmacologic exposures before RVI (n [%]) | ||||||
| Steroid exposureb | ||||||
| Yes | 99 (62) | 12 (60) | 10 (47) | 17 (59) | 26 (65) | 55 (67) |
| No | 60 (38) | 8 (40) | 9 (53) | 12 (41) | 14 (35) | 27 (33) |
| ≥2 antirejection medicationsb | ||||||
| Yes | 56 (35) | 11 (55) | 10 (47) | 19 (34) | 25 (62) | 52 (63) |
| No | 103 (65) | 9 (45) | 9 (53) | 10 (66) | 15 (38) | 30 (37) |
| IVIg in 30 days before RVI onset | ||||||
| Yes | 21 (13) | 3 (15) | 1 (5) | 3 (10) | 4 (10) | 12 (15) |
| No | 138 (87) | 17 (85) | 18 (95) | 26 (90) | 36 (90) | 70 (85) |
| Laboratory parameters (n [%]) | ||||||
| Neutropenia (ANC < 500 cells/mL)b | ||||||
| Yes | 14 (9) | 2 (10) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 12 (15) |
| No | 145 (91) | 18 (90) | 18 (95) | 29 (100) | 40 (100) | 70 (85) |
| Lymphopenia (ALC < 200 cells/mL)b | ||||||
| Yes | 34 (22) | 5 (25) | 4 (21) | 7 (24) | 8 (20) | 16 (20) |
| No | 80 (50) | 8 (40) | 11 (58) | 14 (48) | 17 (43) | 44 (54) |
| Not available | 45 (28) | 7 (35) | 4 (21) | 8 (28) | 15 (37) | 22 (27) |
Abbreviations: ALC, absolute lymphocyte count; ANC, absolute neutrophil count; hMPV, human metapneumovirus; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; IVIg, intravenous immunoglobulin; PIV, parainfluenza virus; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; RVI, respiratory virus infection; SOT, solid organ transplant.
aWithin 7 days before RVI onset.
bIncludes at least 1 of the following: oxygen supplementation, bilevel positive airway pressure/continuous positive airway pressure, mechanical ventilation, and/or high-frequency oscillator ventilation/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
cRhinovirus was detected by PCR at all sites except for Duke, where cultures were performed.