Table 1.

Migration, 2030 agenda for SDG and climate change

SDG	Migrants	Climate Change
1. No poverty	IDPs are often the poorest in their countries, as many had to leave belongings and work behind. Internal displacement also implies additional costs for host communities and aid providers.	Increases resilience to climate change
2. Zero hunger	Internal displacement affects food security if food is no longer produced in regions of origin and resources are strained in areas of refuge.	Increases resilience to climate change
3. Good health and well-being	IDPs’ physical and mental health is often affected by displacement. Health facilities may be strained in host areas; coverage and quality may diminish.	Increases resilience to climate change
4. Quality education	Displaced children may be out of school for months or years. Children in host communities may suffer from lower quality of education if classrooms are overfilled.	Increases resilience to climate change
5. Gender equality	Women tend to suffer most from lack of infrastructure in temporary settlements. Displacement can also increase gender-based violence.	Increases resilience to climate change
6. Clean water and sanitation	Camps often provide limited access to water, sanitation and energy. Basic infrastructure in host communities may be overused and suffer shortages.	Increases resilience to climate change
7. Affordable and clean energy	Lack of bio fuel can force out-migration.	Addresses some of the fundamental causes of climate change
8. Decent work and economic growth	IDPs often leave their source of income behind and must find work in their host area, pressuring the local labour market. Reduced productivity, consumption, exports and taxes harm the economy.	Increases resilience to climate change
9. Industry, innovation and infrastructure	Resilient infrastructure and sustainable industries may help limit the scale of disaster-induced displacement.	Addresses some of the fundamental causes of climate change
10. Reduced inequalities	IDPs should be able to enjoy the same rights and opportunities as their compatriots but often suffer from inequality and discrimination.	Increases resilience to climate change
11. Sustainable cities and communities	Urban systems can be stretched by the sudden and unplanned arrival of IDPs in cities. Informal settlements, urban poverty and further displacement risk can increase. Many countries are facing challenges to cope with urban displacement.	Addresses some of the fundamental causes of climate change
12. Responsible consumption and production	Unsustainable use of natural resources, environmental degradation and climate change already push millions of people from their homes and will likely cause more displacement in the coming years.	Addresses some of the fundamental causes of climate change
13. Climate action	NA	Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
14. Life below water	Sustainable management of marine ecosystems preserves local food sources.	Increases resilience to climate change
15. Life on land	Sustainable management of terrestrial ecosystems preserves local food sources.	Increases resilience to climate change
16. Peace, justice and strong institutions	Conflict and violence displaced 11.8 million people in 2017. Internal displacement can also facilitate the recruitment of IDPs by armed groups.	Increases resilience to climate change
17. Partnerships for the goals	The scale and intensity of internal displacement can be reduced by dedicated policies, greater national accountability, increased participation and specific progress monitoring.	Increases resilience to climate change

IDPs means internally displaced persons;

SDG means sustainable development goals.

Adopted from http://www.internal-displacement.org/global-report/grid2018/.