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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroimage. 2019 Dec 30;209:116510. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116510

Fig. 2. Observational learning leads to placebo hypoalgesia.

Fig. 2.

(A) During the observation phase, participants rated the demonstrator’s pain significantly lower in the placebo run as compared to the control run. (B) After the observation phase, participants expected that they would feel less pain and were less anxious about the pain for the upcoming placebo run as compared to the control run. (C) During the test phase, participants experienced a lower pain intensity and pain unpleasantness during the placebo run as compared to the control run.