Table 4.

Overview of Pathogens Detected

Pathogen	NR-CAP (n = 127)			Rec-CAP (n = 123a)			P b
	Mono culture	Coinfection	Total, no. (%) of patients	Mono culture	Coinfection	Total, no. (%) of patients
Aerobic bacteria	33	14	47 (37.0)	54	27	81 (65.8)	<.001
Haemophilus influenzae	27	6	33 (26.0)	39	24	63 (51.2)	<.001
Moraxella catarrhalis	2	9	11 (8.7)	9	17	26 (21.1)	.009
Streptococcus pneumoniae	2	6	8 (6.3)	3	6	9 (7.3)	NS
Staphylococcus aureus	2	3	5 (3.9)	0	5	5 (4.1)	NS
Escherichia coli	0	1	1 (0.8)	1	1	2 (1.6)	NS
Enterobacter species	0	2	2 (1.6)	1	0	1 (0.8)	NS
Pseudomonas aeruginosae	0	0	0 (0)	0	1	1 (0.8)	NS
β-hemolytic streptococci	0	0	0 (0)	0	2	2 (1.6)	NS
Haemophilus haemolyticus	0	2	2 (1.6)	1	1	2 (1.6)	NS
Viruses	30	11	41 (32.3)	30	5	35 (28.5)	NS
Respiratory syncytial virus	8	7	15 (11.8)	6	1	7 (5.7)	NS
Parainfluenzaviruses	5	1	6 (4.7)	8	1	9 (7.3)	NS
Influenzaviruses	5	3	8 (6.3)	2	2	4 (3.3)	NS
Adenovirus	5	1	6 (4.7)	1	3	4 (3.3)	NS
Human metapneumovirus	3	1	4 (3.1)	4	1	5 (4.1)	NS
Picornavirus	2	4	6 (4.7)	1	0	1 (0.8)	NS
Coronaviruses	1	3	4 (3.1)	2	0	2 (1.6)	NS
Cytomegalovirus	1	1	2 (1.6)	2	2	4 (3.3)	NS
Enterovirus (not polio)	0	0	0 (0)	4	1	5 (4.1)	NS
Rhinovirus	0	1	1 (0.8)	0	0	0 (0)	NS
Atypical microorganisms	37			19			.015
Mycoplasma pneumoniae	37/106 tested (34.9)			16/83 tested (19.3)			.03
Chlamydophila pneumoniae	0/58 tested (0)			3/54 tested (5.6)			NS

NOTE. NR-CAP, nonresponding community-acquired pneumonia; Rec-CAP, recurrent community-acquired pneumonia; coinfection: cases in which at least 2 infective agents of the same microbiological group were isolated; NS, not significant.

^a n = 122 for viruses.

^bBy χ² test.