Table 3.
Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors for Influenza Respiratory Virus Infection and Influenza Lower–respiratory Tract Disease Progression
| Variables | Log. Regr. Influenza RTD (n = 161) |
Log. Regr. Influenza Progression to LRTD (n = 74) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | |||||
| OR (95% CI) | P Value | OR (95% CI) | P Value | OR (95% CI). | P Value | OR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Type of donor, n (%) | ||||||||
| HLA-identical sibling donor | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Unrelated donor | 1.2 (0.5–2.8) | .6 | 0.6 (0.14–3.6) | .5 | ||||
| Umbilical cord blood | 0.8 (0.3–1.99) | .7 | 1.67 (0.41–6.7) | .4 | ||||
| Haploidentical family donor | 1.4 (0.6–3.5) | .4 | 0.5 (0.1–2.37) | .38 | ||||
| ATG as a part of conditioning | 1.06 (0.5–2.2) | .9 | 1.28 (0.38–4.2) | .7 | ||||
| GvHD at the time RVI a | 1.04 (0.5–1.9) | .8 | 2.24 (0.74–6.76) | .15 | ||||
| On IS | 1.2 (0.6–2.4) | .5 | 1.4 (0.4–4.9) | .59 | ||||
| ALC < 0.5 × 109/L, n (%) | 0.53 (0.24–1.2) | .12 | 3.8 (1.04–13.6) | .043 | ns | |||
| ALC < 0.2 × 109/L a | 0.57 (0.3–1.2) | .16 | 3.77 (1.04–13.64) | .043 | NT | |||
| ALC < 0.1 × 109/L | 0.65 (0.2–2.3) | .5 | 3.1 (0.41–23) | .3 | ||||
| ANC < 0.5 × 109/L | 0.9 (0.2–3.5) | .9 | 3.1 (0.4–23.8) | .2 | ||||
| Age ≥ 40 years a | 0.5 (0.28–1.09) | .09 | NT | 16.1 (2.01–129.4) | .009 | NT | ||
| GvHD acute >2 or Chronic Ext | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | .2 | 1..04 (0.31–3.4) | .9 | ||||
| T- or B-cell depleted <3 months | 1.17 (0.07–19) | .9 | ns | 1 | ||||
| IgG < 4g/L | 1.1 (0.5–2.3) | .8 | 0.8 (0.2–3.35) | .8 | ||||
| Allo-HSCT ≤6 months | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | .4 | 1.8 (0.52–6.3) | .3 | ||||
| Allo-HSCT ≤1 year | 1.05 (0.3–3.1) | .9 | ||||||
| Myeloablative | 0.93 (0.37–12.28) | .87 | ||||||
| Corticosteroids a | 1.03 (0.5–1.9) | .9 | 3.35 (1.13–9.8) | .028 | NT | |||
| ISI | ||||||||
| Low risk: 0–2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Moderate risk: 3–6 | 0.55 (0.3–1.08) | .08 | ns | 2 (0.6–6.6) | .25 | 2.3 (0.68–8) | .17 | |
| High risk: 7–12 | 0.6 (0.2–2.04) | .39 | ns | 21.6 (1.9–235.7) | .01 | 36 (2.26–575) | .011 | |
| Basel IG | ||||||||
| Moderate | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Severe | 1.23 (0.6–2.4) | .5 | ns | 0.55 (0.17–1.8) | .3 | |||
| Very severe | 0.4 (0.1–1.01) | .052 | 0.64 (0.4–1.02) | .057 | 1.2 (0.19–7.5) | .8 | ||
| Flu antiviral therapy | 1.8 (0.4–7.1) | .4 | ||||||
| Flu vaccine | 0.45 (0.2–0.9) | .033 | 0.39 (0.18–0.8) | .013 | 0.16 (0.02–1.3) | .09 | 0.12 (0.014–1.00) | .05 |
Abbreviations: ALC, absolute lymphocyte count; Allo-HSCT, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; ANC, absolute neutrophil count; ATG, anti-thymocytic globuline; Basel IG, Basel immunodefciency grading; CI, confidence interval; GvHD, graft-versus-host disease; HLA, human leucocyte antigen; IgG, immunoglobuline G; IS, immunosuppressants; ISI, immunodeficiency score index; Log. Regr., logistical regression model; LRTD, lower–respiratory tract disease; ns, not significant; NT, not tested; OR, odds ratio; RTD, respiratory tract disease; RVI, respiratory virus infection.
aThese variables were not included in the final multivariate models, since they were included in the ISI score.