Table 4.
Adjusted Population Attributable Fraction of Microorganisms Associated With Pneumonia in Children in the Pooled Analysis of Respiratory Samples (N = 1758)
| Microorganism | aPAF, % (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overalla | 2–11 mob | 12–23 mob | 24–60 mob | |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 42.2 (35.5–48.2) | 43.5 (33.6–51.9) | 44.4 (28.4–56.8) | 41.6 (30.6–50.9) |
| Respiratory syncytial virus | 18.2 (17.4–19.0) | 24.6 (23.5–25.7) | 16.6 (15.2–18.0) | 11.0 (8.6–13.3) |
| Rhinovirus | 11.2 (7.5–14.7) | 4.2 (–5.0 to 12.6) | 14.2 (8.4–19.6) | 10.7 (3.8–17.1) |
| Human metapneumovirus | 7.8 (7.2–8.3) | 6.4 (5.1–7.7) | 9.9 (8.8–10.9) | 7.1 (6.2–8.1) |
| Influenza virus A | 6.5 (6.4–6.7) | NE | 5.4 (5.1–5.7) | NE |
| Parainfluenza virus 3 | 5.5 (4.9–6.1) | 4.5 (3.2–5.7) | 8.3 (7.3–9.2) | 4.6 (3.8–5.3) |
| Parainfluenza virus 1 | 2.6 (2.2–2.9) | NE | NE | 1.3 (.4–2.2) |
| Influenza virus B | 2.1 (1.3–2.8) | 1.9 (.7–3.1) | 3.3 (1.9–4.7) | 1.1 (–.3 to 2.6) |
| Adenovirus | 1.7 (–.8 to 4.2) | 3.1 (–.2 to 6.3) | 0.0 (–6.0 to 5.7) | NE |
| Enterovirus | 1.5 (–.3 to 3.3) | –2.7 (–7.7 to 2.1) | 5.4 (3.5–7.3) | 2.8 (–.3 to 5.8) |
| Parainfluenza virus 4 | 1.5 (.7–2.2) | 1.5 (.0–3.0) | 2.3 (1.3–3.2) | 0.8 (–.5 to 2.2) |
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) | NE | 0.7 (.5–.9) | 2.1 (1.7–2.6) |
| Coronavirus HKU | 1.0 (–.1 to 2.1) | 1.5 (.5–2.5) | –0.6 (–3.6 to 2.4) | 0.6 (–3.3 to 4.3) |
| Parechovirus | 0.8 (–.7 to 2.3) | 0.2 (–2.8 to 3.1) | –1.3 (–7.7 to 4.7) | 2.8 (2.2–3.5) |
| Haemophilus influenzae | 0.5 (–2.1 to 3.0) | 2.2 (.1–4.3) | 4.4 (1.4–7.3) | –3.9 (–11.5 to 3.2) |
Abbreviations: aPAF, adjusted population attributable fraction; CI, confidence interval; NE, not estimable.
aAfter multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for sex, age category (2–11, 12–23, 24–60 months), time period (per quarter), site, and presence of other pathogens.
bAfter multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for sex, age category (2–11, 12–23, 24–60 months), time period (per quarter), site, and presence of other pathogens (including Staphylococcus aureus; Chlamydia pneumoniae; parainfluenza virus 2; coronavirus 43, 63, and 229; bocavirus). Microorganisms with aPAF values <0.5% are not shown.