Table 4.
Comparison of Patients With Known Risk Factors Versus No Known Risk Factors for Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection Where RSV Was Associated With Death
| Characteristic | Risk Factorsa (n = 65) |
No Risk Factors (n = 14) |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at death, mo, median (range) | 10 (0–197) | 21.5 (1–154) | .922 |
| Male sex | 33 (50.8) | 7 (50.0) | 1.000 |
| Death occurred during RSV seasonb | 57 (87.7) | 11 (78.6) | .401 |
| Healthcare-associated RSV infection | 24 (36.9) | 5 (35.7%) | 1.000 |
| Viral coinfection | 6 (9.7)c | 4 (30.8)d | .064 |
| Received palivizumab within 4 wk prior | 7 (13.7)e | 0 (0)f | .329 |
| Length of admission, d, median (range) | 27 (1–780) | 13 (1–202) | .054 |
| ICU admission | 61 (93.8) | 13 (92.9) | 1.000 |
| Days in ICU, median (range) | 11 (0–191) | 7.5 (0–69) | .514 |
| Received mechanical ventilation | 53 (82.8)g | 12 (85.7) | 1.000 |
| Received ECMO | 4 (6.2) | 3 (21.4) | .102 |
| Treated with palivizumab | 7 (10.8) | 0 (0) | .342 |
| Treated with RSV IVIG | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Treated with IVIG | 4 (6.2) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Treated with ribavirin | 9 (13.8) | 1 (7.1) | .681 |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ICU, intensive care unit; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus.
aRisk factors were defined as prematurity, congenital heart defect, chronic lung disease, neuromuscular disease, airway anomaly, asthma/reactive airway disease, trisomy 21, other symptomatic chronic lung disease, hematopoietic stem cell transplant, solid organ transplant, long-term immunosuppression, chemotherapy within the last 6 months, congenital immunodeficiency.
bRSV season was defined as November through April.
cDenominator of 62 (3 values not recorded).
dDenominator of 13 (1 values not recorded).
eDenominator of 51 (14 values not recorded).
fDenominator of 13 (1 values not recorded).
gDenominator of 64 (1 values not recorded).