Table 2.

Description and Analysis of Included Articles (in alphabetical order).

#	Author and Year	Journal or Source	Title of Article	Type of Article	Geographic Focus	Type of Social Media	Themes
							Health Ed/Influence	Outbreak/Infect. Disease	Disaster/Emergency	Production & Use of SM
1	Ahmed and Bath (2015)[24]	17th International Symposium on Health Information Management Research	The Ebola epidemic on Twitter: Challenges for health informatics	Descriptive Abstract	Not Geographic specific	Twitter				X
2	Alexander (2014)[25]	Science and Engineering Ethics	Social media in disaster risk reduction and crisis management	Review	Examples from Nigeria and Haiti	Social media in general			X
3	Amrita and Biswas (2013)[15]	Medicine 2.0	Health care social media: Expectations of users in a developing country	Quantitative Research	India	Social media in general				X
4	Basch et al. (2015)[3]	Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness	Coverage of the Ebola virus disease epidemic on YouTube	Quantitative Research	Not Geographic specific	YouTube		X
5	Choi et al. (2017)[26]	Computers in Human Behavior	The impact of social media on risk perceptions during the MERS outbreak in South Korea.	Quantitative Research	South Korea	Social media in general	X	X		X
6	Chow et al. (2017)[27]	Sexually Transmitted Diseases	Demographics, Behaviors, and Sexual Health Characteristics of High Risk MSM and Transgender Women Who Use Social Media to Meet Sex Partners in Lima, Peru	Quantitative Research	Peru	Social media in general	X			X
7	Coberly et al. (2014)[28]	Online Journal Public Health Informatics	Tweeting Fever: Are Tweet Extracts a Valid Surrogate Data Source for Dengue Fever?	Quantitative Research	Philippines	Twitter	X	X
8	Da'ar et al. (2017)[29]	Journal of Infection and Public Health	Impact of Twitter intensity, time, and location on message lapse of bluebird's pursuit of fleas in Madagascar	Quantitative Research	Madagascar	Twitter		X	X
9	Fung et al. (2013)[30]	Infectious Diseases of Poverty	Chinese social media reaction to the MERS-CoV and avian influenza A(H7N9) outbreaks	Quantitative Research	China	Sina Weibo microblog		X
10	Garett et al. (2017)[31]	Prevention Science	Ethical Issues in Using Social Media to Deliver an HIV Prevention Intervention: Results from the HOPE Peru Study	Qualitative Research	Peru	Facebook	X			X
11	Gu et al. (2014)[32]	Journal of Medical Internet Research	Importance of Internet surveillance in public health emergency control and prevention: Evidence from a digital epidemiologic study during avian influenza A H7N9 outbreaks	Quantitative Research	China	Sina Wiebo microblog & Baidu website		X
12	Gurman and Ellenberger (2015)[58]	Journal of Health Communication	Reaching the global community during disasters: Findings from a content analysis of the organizational use of Twitter after the 2010 Haiti earthquake	Quantitative Research	Haiti	Twitter			X	X
13	Hamill et al. (2013)[10]	Tobacco Control	I ‘like' MPOWER: using Facebook, online ads and new media to mobilise tobacco control communities in low-income and middle-income countries	Descriptive Case Studies	Egypt and India	Facebook, online ads/photos	X			X
14	Henwood et al. (2016)[33]	AIDS Care: Psychological and Socio-medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV	Acceptability and use of a virtual support group for HIV-positive youth in Khayelitsha, Cape Town using the MXit social networking platform	Quantitative Research	South Africa	MXit social networking tool				X
15	Horter et al. (2014)[17]	PLoS-ONE	“I can also serve as an inspiration”: A qualitative study of the TB&Me blogging experience and its role in MDR-TB treatment	Qualitative Research	Not Geographic Specific	TB&Me blog	X			X
16	None stated (2012)[56]	International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies	Case Study: Malaria prevention through social media	Case Study Discussion	Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam	Facebook	X			X
17	Jamwal and Kumar (2016)[59]	Indian Journal of Palliative Care	Maintaining the social flow of evidence-informed palliative care: Use and misuse of YouTube	Review	Not Geographic Specific	YouTube	X			X
18	Jiang and Beaudoin (2016)[34]	Journal of Health Communication International Perspectives	Smoking prevention in China: A content analysis of an anti-smoking social media campaign	Quantitative Research	China	Sina Weibo microblog				X
19	Kituyi et al. (2014)[35]	Conference Proceedings	Towards a framework for the adoption of social media in health in Sub-Saharan Africa	Mixed Methods	Sub-Saharan Africa	Social media in general
20	Krueger et al. (2016)[36]	AIDS Care: Psychological and Socio-medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV	HIV testing among social media-using Peruvian men who have sex with men: Correlates and social context	Quantitative Research	Peru	Facebook	X			X
21	Kwaak et al. (2010)[37]	Chapter in “HIV and culture confluence”	Sexual and reproductive desires and practices of Kenyan young positives: Opportunities for skills building through social media	Quantitative Research	Kenya	Social media in general	X			X
22	Liu et al. (2016)[38]	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	Chinese public attention to the outbreak of Ebola in West Africa: Evidence from the online Big Data platform	Quantitative Research	China	Sina Weibo microblog & Baidu website		X
23	Lukhele et al. (2016)[39]	African Journal of AIDS Research	Multiple sexual partnerships and their correlates among Facebook users in Swaziland: An online cross-sectional study	Quantitative Research	Swaziland	Facebook	X			X
24	Lwin et al. (2014)[40]	Acta Tropica	A 21st century approach to tackling dengue: Crowd sourced surveillance, predictive mapping and tailored communication	Descriptive	Sri Lanka	MoBuzz social network site	X	X
25	Lwin et al. (2016)[41]	Health Education Research	Social media-based civic engagement solutions for dengue prevention in Sri Lanka: Results of receptivity assessment	Quantitative Research	Sri Lanka	MoBuzz social network site		X
26	Maity et al. (2015)[42]	Clinical Microbiology Newsletter	An online survey to assess awareness of Ebola virus disease	Quantitative Research	India	WhatsApp, Facebook, Viber, Twitter		X
27	McCool et al. (2014)[43]	BMC Public Health	Perceived social and media influences on tobacco use among Samoan youth	Qualitative Research	Samoa	Social media in general	X			X
28	McGough et al. (2017)[44]	PloS Negl Tropical Diseases	Forecasting Zika Incidence in the 2016 Latin America Outbreak Combining Traditional Disease Surveillance with Search, Social Media, and News Report Data	Quantitative Research	Latin America	Twitter microblogs		X		X
29	Müller et al. (2017)[45]	IDS Bulletin	Digital pathways to sex education	Quantitative Research	China, India, Kenya, Mexico and Egypt	SM generally, but FB is highlighted	X			X
30	Nduka et al. (2014)[46]	International Journal of Medicine	The use of social media in combating the Ebola virus in Nigeria − A review	Review	Ebola-stricken West Africa	Social media in general		X
31	Odlum and Yoon (2015)[9]	American Journal of Infection Control	What can we learn about the Ebola outbreak from tweets?	Quantitative Research	Not Geographic Specific	Twitter		X		X
32	Oyeyemi et al. (2014)[47]	British Medical Journal (Clinical research ed.)	Ebola, Twitter, and misinformation: A dangerous combination?	Quantitative Research	Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria	Twitter		X		X
33	Piroska (2013)[48]	American Journal of Public Health	Using a mobile photo booth and Facebook to promote positive health messages among men who have sex with men in Cambodia	Descriptive	Cambodia	Facebook, mobile photo booth	X			X
34	Purdy (2011)[49]	Reproductive Health Matters	Using the Internet and social media to promote condom use in Turkey	Descriptive	Turkey	Facebook, Google ads	X
35	Sastry and Lovari (2017)[57]	Health Communication	Communicating the Ontological Narrative of Ebola: An Emerging Disease in the Time of “Epidemic 2.0”	Qualitative Research	Not geographically specific, but focuses on the Ebola outbreak in West Africa.	Facebook post from the WHO and the US CDC		X
36	Simon et al. (2014)[50]	PLoS-ONE	Twitter in the cross fire: The use of social media in the Westgate mall terror attack in Kenya	Quantitative Research	Kenya	Twitter			X
37	Southwell et al. (2016)[51]	Emerging Infectious Diseases	Zika virus-related news coverage and online behavior, United States, Guatemala, and Brazil	Quantitative Research	Guatemala, Brazil, USA	Twitter, Google trends		X		X
38	Thomas and Adeniyi (2013)[54]	Developing Country Studies	Health personnel's perception on the use of social media in healthcare delivery system in rural and urban communities of Oyo State, Nigeria	Mixed Methods Research	Nigeria	Social media in general				X
39	van Heijningen and van Clief (2017)[52]	IDS Bulletin	Enabling Online Safe Spaces: A Case Study of Love Matters Kenya	Qualitative Research	Kenya	Facebook	X			X
40	Yoo et al. (2016)[53]	Computers in Human Behavior	The effects of SNS communication: How expressing and receiving information predict MERS-preventive behavioral intentions in South Korea	Quantitative Research	South Korea	Twitter, Facebook & other social network sites	X	X		X