Table 3.

Anti-fungal treatment choices

Fungal pathogen	Treatment
Aspergillus species	First-line: Voriconazole Lipid formulation of amphotericin Second-line: Posaconazole Itraconazole Caspofungin Anidulafungin
Pneumocystis jirovecii	First line: Trimethoprim–sulphamethoxazole Second-line: Clindamycin plus primaquine Atovaquone Pentamidine Trimethoprim plus dapsone
Cryptococcus neoformans	Induction therapy: Liposomal amphotericin plus flucytosine Consolidation and maintenance therapy: Fluconazole Second line: Posaconazole Voriconazole
Candida species	First line: Fluconazole (C. albicans) Caspofungin (C. glabrata and C. krusei) Second line: Voriconazole Itraconazole Micafungin Amphotericin
Non-Aspergillus filamentous fungi (eg. Fusarium, Zygomycetes, Scedosporium, Penicillium)	Consider surgical debridement First line: Liposomal amphotericin Second line: Posaconazole
Endemic fungi (Histoplasma, Coccidioides, Blastomyces, Sporothrix)	First line: Mild disease immunocompetent: no treatment (Histoplasma), itraconazole (others) Moderate disease: itraconazole Severe disease: amphotericin Second line: Posaconazole Voriconazole Fluconazole