Table 2.
Semi-quantitative summary of results; symbols signify the performance as follows: + superior; +/o case-dependent but generally superior; o equal; o/− case-dependent but generally inferior, − inferior; +/− case-dependent and ambivalent.
| Category | Criterion | Electric two-wheelers relative to conventionally-powered two- and four-wheel motor vehicles |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental performance | Energy use and CO2 emissions (tank-to-wheel) | + |
| Energy use and CO2 emissions (well-to-wheel) | +/o | |
| Energy use and CO2 emissions (life cycle) | +/o | |
| Air pollution | + | |
| Noise pollution | + | |
| Lead toxicity | o/− | |
| Economic performance | Price | − |
| Total user costs | +/− | |
| Social performance | Human exposure to pollution | + |
| Audibility and visibility | − | |
| Urban mobility | +/− | |
| Road accidents and fatalities | +/− | |
| Demand for road infrastructure | +/− | |
| Vulnerability in case of accident | +/− | |