Table 1.
Summary of PMF analysis.
| No. | Most probable source | Main modes |
Contributions |
Peak hours (local time) | Significant correlations at p < 0.001, ρ > 0.35 positive (negative) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dominant PNSD | PVSD | PNSD% (95th confidence interval) | PVSD% | ||||
| 1 | Nucleation | 15–20 nm | 200 nm; 2 μm | 43.8 (43.4–44.1) | 1.1 | 12 a.m.–1 p.m. | NO, OX, solar irr., air temp. |
| 2 | Traffic | 35–40 nm | 80–90; 500 nm | 25.5 (25.3–25.9) | 4.8 | 6 a.m.–8 a.m.; 9 p.m.–11 p.m. | NO2, NOx, BC, (O3) |
| 3 | Airport | <14 nm; 80 nm | 200; 500 nm, 5 μm | 20.3 (20.1–20.5) | 19.6 | ||
| 4 | Nighttime nitrate | 30 nm; 200 nm | 400 nm; 2.5 μm | 5.9 (5.8–6.1) | 41.2 | 5 a.m.–7 a.m. | NO2, BC, PM2.5, (O3), (OX), (SO2), (wind speed) |
| 5 | Regional pollution | 60 nm | 2–3 μm | 3 (2.4–3.1) | 21.1 | 12 p.m.–6 a.m. | CO, PM2.5 |
| 6 | Local resuspension | 25 nm | 5 μm | 1.5 (1.3–1.6) | 12.2 | 4 a.m.–6 a.m. | (O3), (OX), (solar irr.), (air temp.), (wind speed) |