Spread of parental and heterologous gO recombinant HCMV in epithelial cell cultures. Confluent monolayers of ARPE19 cells were infected with 0.003 IU/cell of HCMV TR (A, B), ME (A, C), or the corresponding heterologous gO recombinants. At 3 and 12 days postinfection, cultures were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy (A) or by flow cytometry to quantitate the total number of infected (GFP+) cells (B and C). Plotted are the average numbers of infected cells at day 12 per infected cell at day 3 in 3 independent experiments. Error bars represent SD. Asterisks indicate P values of ≤0.05, determined by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple-comparison test comparing each recombinant to the parent.