Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics and Clinical Parameters of All Participants
| Parameters | Total (n=81) | Non-Obese (n= 30) | Obese (n=51) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 18.02 ± 0.1 | 18.40 ± 0.10 | 17.80 ± 0.10 | 0.03* |
| Female (%) | 67 | 73 | 61 | 0.25 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.91 ± 0.57 | 20.60 ± 0.30 | 29.00 ± 0.50 | <0.001** |
| WC (cm) | 85.25 ± 1.38 | 72.66 ± 1.15 | 92.65 ± 1.22 | <0.001** |
| Body fat (%) | 26.81 ± 0.86 | 23.24 ± 1.25 | 28.91 ± 0.84 | <0.001** |
| SBP (mmHg) | 119.58 ± 1.39 | 112.96 ± 2.50 | 123.47 ± 1.41 | <0.001** |
| DBP (mmHg) | 72.19 ± 0.98 | 67.86 ±1.51 | 74.74 ± 1.15 | <0.001** |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 77.00 [72.50–86.50] | 75.00 [71.50–86.75] | 79.00 [74.00–87.00] | 0.13 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 3.44 [2.70–4.86] | 2.78 [2.39–3.97] | 4.05 [3.19–5.11] | <0.001** |
| Leptin (ng/mL) | 24.91 ± 1.92 | 12.09 ± 1.02 | 32.45 ± 2.44 | <0.001** |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 147.48 ± 5.74 | 126.90 ± 6.98 | 159.58 ± 7.69 | 0.004* |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 169.18 ± 4.26 | 166.11 ± 8.81 | 170.98 ± 4.41 | 0.65 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 41.81 [36.85–49.35] | 45.04 [39.12–87.07] | 40.52 [35.34–46.98] | 0.01* |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 96.31 ± 3.89 | 94.09 ± 7.65 | 97.62 ± 4.30 | 0.79 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 12.85 ± 0.19 | 12.37 ± 0.22 | 13.14 ± 0.26 | 0.03* |
| WBC (x103/μL) | 5.76 ± 0.16 | 5.54 ± 0.25 | 5.89 ± 0.21 | 0.29 |
Notes: Values are mean ± SEM or median [25th–75th percentile] or n (%). *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 of statistically significant difference between non-obese and obese. Adapted from Imerbtham T, Yingchonchareon T, Nuamchit T, Siriwittayawan D. Cardiac functions assessed by 2D-echocardiography in older obese adolescents. Paper presented at: The 7th National and International Graduate Study Conference 2017 “Thailand 4.0 Creative Innovation for Sustainable Development”; July 20–21, 2017.7
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; Hb, hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure; WBC, white blood cells; WC, waist circumference.