Table 3.
Echocardiographic Parameters in Obese According to Leptin Levels
| Parameters | ObeseNL (n= 25) | ObeseHL (n=26) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| LA Structure | |||
| LA diameter (cm) | 3.44 ± 0.47 | 3.27 ± 0.10 | 0.20 |
| LA/Ao ratio | 1.30 ± 0.03 | 1.25 ± 0.04 | 0.36 |
| LV Structure | |||
| LVEDV (biplane) (mL) | 125.90 ± 5.57 | 114.50 ± 4.23 | 0.10 |
| LVESV (biplane) (mL) | 42.78 ± 2.56 | 41.82 ± 2.23 | 0.77 |
| IVSDd (cm) | 0.88 ± 0.03 | 0.92 ± 0.03 | 0.35 |
| LVIDd (cm) | 4.89 ± 0.07 | 4.76 ± 0.07 | 0.21 |
| LVPWd (cm) | 0.83 ± 0.02 | 0.87 ± 0.02 | 0.25 |
| LV mass (g) | 141.40 ± 6.86 | 140.30 ± 7.48 | 0.92 |
| LVMI (g/m2) | 75.00 ± 3.29 | 73.73 ± 4.13 | 0.81 |
| RWT | 0.34 [0.39–040] | 0.35 [0.32–0.40] | 0.57 |
| LV Systolic Function | |||
| LVEF (biplane) (%) | 67.32 [61.00–70.90] | 62.25 [59.20–68.83] | 0.16 |
| FS (%) | 38.72 [34.48–41.89] | 36.10 [37.35–42.10] | 0.30 |
| LV Diastolic Function | |||
| E velocity (ms) | 0.93 ± 0.02 | 0.99 ± 0.02 | 0.12 |
| A velocity (m/s) | 0.48 ± 0.02 | 0.47 ± 0.02 | 0.97 |
| E/A Ratio | 2.05 ± 0.11 | 2.18 ± 0.10 | 0.39 |
| DecT (ms) | 189.50 ± 8.42 | 186.20 ± 6.29 | 0.75 |
| E’ septal (m/s) | 0.15 ± 0.00 | 0.16 ± 0.00 | 0.36 |
| E’ lateral (m/s) | 0.20 ± 0.00 | 0.19 ± 0.00 | 0.11 |
| E/E’ septal | 6.32 ± 0.26 | 6.41 ± 0.27 | 0.81 |
| E/E’ lateral | 4.63 ± 0.18 | 5.12 ± 0.16 | 0.05 |
| STE | |||
| Absolute GLS (%) | 19.80 ± 0.40 | 18.50 ± 0.30 | 0.03* |
Notes: Values are mean ± SEM or median [25th–75th percentile]. *p < 0.05 of statistically significant difference between obese adolescents with normoleptinemia (ObeseNL) and hyperleptinemia (ObeseHL).
Abbreviations: A, mitral inflow velocity of late diastolic filling; Ao, aortic root diameter; DecT, Deceleration time; E, mitral inflow velocity of early diastolic filling; E’ lateral, tissue Doppler lateral mitral annular velocity; E’ septal, tissue Doppler septal mitral annular velocity; FS, fractional shortening; GLS, global longitudinal strain; IVSDd, interventricular septum thickness during diastole; LA, left atrial; LV, left ventricular; LVEDV, left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESV, left ventricular end-systolic volume; LVIDd, left ventricular internal dimension in diastole; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; LVPWd, left ventricular posterior wall thickness during diastole; RWT, relative wall thickness.