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. 2020 Mar 3;130(4):1767–1781. doi: 10.1172/JCI133473

Figure 4. Butyrate supplementation restores the capacity of iPTH to induce bone anabolism, stimulate bone turnover, expand Tregs, induce Wn10b expression, and upregulate the levels of Tgfβ1 and Igf1 in microbiota-depleted mice.

Figure 4

Mice treated with vehicle or iPTH, and butyrate (But) for 4 weeks, starting at 8 weeks of age. Mice were also treated with antibiotics (Abx) for 6 weeks, starting at 6 weeks of age. Mice were sacrificed and analyzed at 12 weeks of age. (A) Serum butyrate concentrations (n = 10 mice/group). (B and C) Bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) (n = 10 mice/group). (D and E) Serum osteocalcin and CTX levels (n = 10 mice/group). (F–H) PP and BM Tregs (TCR-β+CD4+Foxp3+ cells) (n = 10 mice/group). (I) BM CD8+ T cell Wnt10b mRNA levels (n = 5 mice/group). (J) BM Tgfb1 mRNA levels (n = 5 mice/group). (K) BM Igf-1 mRNA levels (n = 5 mice/group). Data were expressed as mean ± SEM. All data were normally distributed according to the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. All data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and post hoc tests, applying Bonferroni’s correction for multiple comparisons. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001 compared with the indicated group in the post hoc tests.