Table 1. Fertility preservation options for transwomen.

Patient population	Method	Patient requirements	Pregnancy requirements	Cost
Post pubertal transwomen before or after initiation of GAHT	Sperm cryopreservation	Established technique. Masturbatory or surgical retrieval options available. GAH should be stopped prior to specimen retrieval but is not necessary	Male partner: needs donor oocyte and surrogate	Sperm banking—$2,500 + 150–400 annual fee; IUI—$500–$2,500 + consultation fee; IVF—$12,000–14,000 per attempt; ICSI and embryo implantation—$18,000; egg donation and surrogacy ~$40,000; IVM—cost unknown
			Female partner: IUI or IVF/ICSI
Pre and post pubertal transwomen at any point in their transition	Testicular tissue cryopreservation	Experimental not clinically available. No need to stop GAHT. Can be done concurrently with gender affirming surgery	Male partner: IVM then donor oocyte and surrogate
			Female partner: IVM then IUI or IVF/ICSI

IUI, intrauterine insemination; IVF, in vitro fertilization; ICSI, intracytoplasmic sperm injection; IVM, in vitro maturation.