Skip to main content
. 2020 Mar 9;17(4):313–322. doi: 10.1038/s41423-020-0388-9

Table 2.

Disease associations of antiganglioside antibodies (AGA)

Disease(s) associated AGAs References
Alzheimer’s disease GM1, GD1b (IgM strongly correlates with AD), GQ1bα (association still debated)

Chapman50,

Hatziflippu52,

Koutsouraki51

Multiple sclerosis GM3, GQ1b Pender65
Systemic lupus erythematosus GM1

Costellat152,

Galeazzi67

Celiac disease GM1 (or GM1-gliadin complexes) Przybylska70
HIV (asymptomatic patients) GM2, GD1a, GQ1b Nicolae153
Parvovirus B19 GD1b Sequeira123
Type I diabetes GM1, GM2, GM3, GD1b, GD1a Lucchetta73
Secondary narcolepsy GM3, GM4 Saariaho137
Guillain–Barré syndrome

AIDP: GT1b

AMAN: GM1, GM1b, GD1a, GalNac-GD1a

AMSAN: GM1, GM1b, GD1a

MF: GQ1b

BE: GQ1b

Hughes and Cornblath88,

Naik85

Breast cancer GM3, GD3, 9-O-Ac GD3, 9-O-Ac GT3 Groux-Degroote154