Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| References | Technique of HTO | No. of patients | No. of knees | Age (years) | Female/male | BMI (kg/m2) | Mean time interval between HTO and TKA (months) | Follow-up (years) | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendola (2010) [8] | RHTO-C(19), RHTO-O(5) | 24 | 29 | 68.5 | 19/5 | NA | 100.7 | 8.1 | KSS, flexion angle, femorotibial angle |
| PTKA | 28 | 29 | 71 | NA | NA | – | 8.1 | ||
| Badawy (2015) [9] | RHTO | NA | 1399 | 69 | NA | NA | NA | > 10 | Infections, 10-year survival rate |
| PTKA | NA | 31077 | 71 | NA | NA | – | > 10 | ||
| Bae (2017) [10] | RHTO-C | 29 | 32 | 68.3 | 29/0 | 26.6 | 150 | 6.2 | KSS, flexion and extension angle, femorotibial angle, IS ratio |
| PTKA | 29 | 32 | 68.8 | 29/0 | 26.3 | – | 7.1 | ||
| Bergenudd (1997) [11] | RHTO | 14 | 14 | 70 | NA | NA | 96 | 4–9 | Flexion angle, infections, femorotibial angle, operative time |
| PTKA | 99 | 99 | 73 | NA | NA | – | 4–9 | ||
| Cross (2014) [12] | RHTO | 43 | 43 | 54.2 | 12/32 | 33.36 | 106.2 | 8.47 | KSS, infections, operative time |
| PTKA | 97 | 97 | 58.9 | 50/47 | 32.76 | – | 3.59 | ||
| Efe (2010) [13] | RHTO-C | 41 | 41 | 69 | 20/21 | NA | 86 | 6.8 | KSS, Infections, flexion and extension angle, IS ratio, operative time |
| PTKA | 41 | 41 | 73 | 24/17 | NA | – | 7.1 | ||
| El-Galaly (2018) [14] | RHTO | 1044 | 1044 | 62 | 448/596 | NA | NA | > 10 | Infections, 10-year survival rate |
| PTKA | 63762 | 63762 | 70 | 41142/22621 | NA | – | > 10 | ||
| Haddad (2000) [15] | RHTO-C(42), RHTO-D(8) | 42 | 50 | 65 | 26/16 | NA | 87.6 | 6.2 | KSS, femorotibial angle, infections |
| PTKA | 42 | 50 | 66 | 24/18 | NA | – | 6.2 | ||
| Haslam (2007) [16] | RHTO-C | 40 | 51 | 78 | 20/19 | NA | 58 | 12.6 | Infections |
| PTKA | 44 | 51 | 78 | 22/21 | NA | – | 12.6 | ||
| Karabatsos (2002) [17] | RHTO-C | 20 | 17 | 64 | 10/10 | NA | 100.8 | 5.2 | Infections, operative time |
| PTKA | 20 | 17 | 65 | 10/10 | NA | – | 4.7 | ||
| Kazakos (2008) [18] | RHTO-C | 32 | 38 | 67.2 | 24/8 | NA | 87.6 | 4.5 | KSS, flexion and extension angle, femorotibial angle, IS ratio, operative time |
| PTKA | 32 | 38 | 68.4 | 25/7 | NA | – | 4.5 | ||
| Meding (2011) [19] | RHTO-C | 39 | 19 | 66.9 | 12/27 | NA | 104.4 | 16.7 | KSS, flexion and extension angle, femorotibial angle |
| PTKA | 39 | 19 | 66.9 | 12/27 | NA | – | 16.6 | ||
| Niinimäki (2014) [20] | RHTO | NA | 1036 | 64.3 | NA | NA | NA | > 10 | Infections, 10-year survival rate |
| PTKA | NA | 4143 | 64.7 | NA | NA | – | > 10 | ||
| Nizard (1998) [21] | RHTO | 55 | 57 | 71.8 | NA | NA | 116.4 | 4.5 | KSS, IS ratio, infections |
| PTKA | NA | 57 | 70.5 | NA | NA | – | 4 | ||
| Saragaglia (2015) [22] | RHTO-O | 40 | 45 | 69 | 10/30 | 29.7 | NA | 3.9 | KSS, flexion angle, operative time |
| PTKA | 40 | 45 | 69 | 10/30 | 29 | – | 4.8 | ||
| Toksvig-Larsen (1998) [23] | RHTO | 40 | 40 | 69 | 26/14 | NA | 120 | 10 | Operative time |
| PTKA | 40 | 40 | 70 | 27/13 | NA | – | 10 |
No number, C closing, O opening, D dome, RHTO revising high tibial osteotomy to total knee arthroplasty, PTKA primary total knee arthroplasty, BMI body mass index, KSS Knee Society Score, IS ratio Insall–Salvat ratio, NA not available