Table 2.

List of isoform specific functions of tropomyosin

Tropomyosin isoform	Function	References
Tpm1.6	Stabilizes stress fibres	Tojkander et al. (2011)
	Modulates myosin-1b and myosin-1c actin-affinity and motor activity	Tang and Ostap (2001), and Kee et al. (2015)
	Rescues transformed cells	Gimona et al. (1996)
	Protects filaments against severing by cofilin	Gateva et al. (2017)
Tpm1.7	Promotes formation of filopodia	Creed et al. (2011)
	Co-operatively associates with actin filaments with fascin	Creed et al. (2011)
	Recruits ADF	Creed et al. (2011)
	Protects filaments against severing by cofilin	Gateva et al. (2017)
	Inhibits neuronal morphogenesis	Schevzov et al. (2005a)
Tpm1.8/1.9	Promotes focal adhesion formation and lamellipodial persistence	Brayford et al. (2016)
	Regulates Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) in the membrane	Dalby-Payne et al. (2003)
	Regulates mammary gland differentiation	Zucchi et al. (2001)
Tpm2.1	Helps to establish focal adhesions	Tojkander et al. (2011, 2012), Desouza-Armstrong et al. (2017)
	Restores stress fibres in transformed cells	Prasad et al. (1993), Desouza-Armstrong et al. (2017)
	Sensitizes cells to apoptosis and anoikis	Desouza-Armstrong et al. (2017), Raval et al. (2003)
	Tension sensing	Wolfenson et al. (2016)
Tpm3.1/3.2	Regulates insulin-stimulated GLUT4 transport to the plasma membrane and glucose uptake	Kee et al. (2015, 2017)
	Regulates cell motility and migration	Bach et al. (2009)
	Promotes formation of NM-2A enriched stress fibres	Bryce et al. (2003)
	Activates NM-2A ATPase	Gateva et al. (2017)
	Promotes cell proliferation	Schevzov et al. (2015)
	Supports myosin-5a engagement and activity	Sckolnick et al. (2016)
Tpm4.2	Recruits NM-2A to stress fibres	Tojkander et al. (2011, 2012)
	Activates NM-2A ATPase	Gateva et al. (2017)
	Supports ER to Golgi trafficking	Kee et al. (2017)
	Inhibits formation of filopodia	Tojkander et al. (2011)