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. 2020 Jan 10;267(4):1171–1178. doi: 10.1007/s00415-019-09658-6

Table 7.

Changes in biochemistry blood and urine markers during the first 12 months on MKD

Marker (unit) Baseline 3 m 12 m Fdf1,2 p
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) 5.00 (0.16) 6.27 (0.32) 5.65 (0.31) 6.4944,32.1 0.001
Triglyceride (mmol/L) 1.16 (0.10) 1.39 (0.13) 1.18 (0.12) 0.8754.31.7 0.490
HDL (mmol/L) 1.75 (0.07) 1.97 (0.17) 2.09 (0.11) 2.8054,50.9 0.035
LDL (mmol/L) 2.73 (0.14) 3.70 (0.33) 3.01 (0.30) 4.1734,29.7 0.008
Cholesterol:HDL 3.14 (0.19) 3.78 (0.32) 2.84 (0.20) 4.3354,49.3 0.004
Carnitine (free; µmol/L) 29.6 (1.3) 20.7 (1.7) 22.2 (2.9) 6.1694,22.2 0.002
Urine Ca:Cr 0.54 (0.06) 0.83 (0.11) 0.96 (0.14) 10.6524,23.8  < 0.001

This table demonstrates the results of the mixed linear model (fixed effects) for repeated measures across several time points. Values for each marker are represented as means (standard error of the mean). F and p statistics correspond to the main effect of time on levels of each biochemistry marker (i.e. describe the overall effect of MKD across all timepoints). Significance threshold p < 0.05

HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein