Table 4.

Late complications

Complication	Time	PPIUD	DIUD	p
Pain/dysmenorrhea	6 weeks	8.7%	16.3%	0.02
	6 months	14.5%	17.9%	> 0.05
	1 year	15.8%	17.8%	> 0.05
Menorrhagia	6 weeksa	–	–	–
	6 months	16.2%	16.8%	> 0.05
	1 year	16.5%	17.05%	> 0.05
Irregular bleeding/spotting	6 weeks	5.09%	15.4%	0.007
	6 months	6.9%	15.1%	0.02
	1 year	8.6%	14.7%	> 0.05
Abnormal vaginal discharge/PID	6 weeksb	–	–	–
	6 months	2.3%	6.7%	> 0.05
	1 year	4.3%	6.9%	> 0.05

^aAlmost all of the patients were in lactional amenorrhea at 6 weeks; therefore this parameter was not assessed at 6 weeks

^bAt 6 weeks no case of clinically apparent PID was diagnosed in either group