Table 4.

Hospitalization and venous thromboembolism risk

Ref.	Findings	Statistics
Grainge et al[3]	Hospitalized IBD patients (regardless of disease activity) have an increased risk of VTE	Hazard ratio 2.10 (95%CI: 1.40-3.20)
	Absolute risk of VTE in IBD patients is higher during hospitalized periods than during ambulatory periods	Group	Absolute risk
		Hospitalized	25.2/1000 person-years
		Ambulatory	1.8/1000 person-years
Nguyen et al[5]	Hospitalized IBD patients with VTE had greater mortality compared to those without VTE	Odds ratio 2.50 (95%CI: 1.83-3.43)
	Incidence of VTE in hospitalized IBD patients is increasing	Group	Percent rise in odds
		Hospitalized IBD	17% rise over 7 yr
		Hospitalized non-IBD	14% rise over 7 yr
Kim et al[35]	Hospitalized IBD patients without a disease flare had higher risk of VTE as compared to age- and sex-matched non-IBD patients	Hazard ratio 12.97 (95%CI: 8.68-19.39)

VTE: Venous thromboembolism; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.