Table 2. Frequencies of Surgical Margins According to Patients’ Socioeconomic Characteristics and Tumor Factorsa.
| Characteristic | Positive surgical margin, patients, No. (%) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 177 759) | Yes (n = 52 416) | ||
| Age at diagnosis, median (interquartile range), y | 62.0 (56.0-66.0) | 62.0 (57.0-67.0) | <.001 |
| Race | |||
| White | 147 887 (83.2) | 43 096 (82.2) | <.001 |
| Black | 22 585 (12.7) | 7156 (13.7) | |
| Other | 7287 (4.1) | 2164 (4.1) | |
| Charlson-Deyo Comorbidity Index score | |||
| 0 | 144 994 (81.6) | 41 799 (79.7) | <.001 |
| 1 | 27 881 (15.7) | 9013 (17.2) | |
| 2 | 3861 (2.2) | 1261 (2.4) | |
| ≥3 | 1023 (0.6) | 343 (0.7) | |
| Facility type | |||
| Community cancer program | 8260 (4.6) | 2898 (5.5) | <.001 |
| Comprehensive community cancer program | 65 052 (36.6) | 20 447 (39.0) | |
| Academic or research program | 80 306 (45.2) | 20 714 (39.5) | |
| Integrated network cancer program | 24 141 (13.6) | 8357 (15.9) | |
| Primary payer | |||
| Not insured | 2509 (1.4) | 886 (1.7) | <.001 |
| Private insurance or managed care | 111 611 (62.8) | 30 970 (59.1) | |
| Medicaid | 3875 (2.2) | 1435 (2.7) | |
| Medicare | 56 775 (31.9) | 18 119 (34.6) | |
| Other government | 2989 (1.7) | 1006 (1.9) | |
| Annual median income quartiles in 2000, $US | |||
| <30 000 | 17 874 (10.1) | 5708 (10.9) | <.001 |
| 30 000-34 999 | 27 122 (15.3) | 8535 (16.3) | |
| 35 000-45 999 | 46 778 (26.3) | 14 228 (27.1) | |
| ≥46 000 | 85 985 (48.4) | 23 945 (45.7) | |
| Individuals in the area with no high school degree in 2000, quartiles, % | |||
| ≥29 | 22 648 (12.7) | 6925 (13.2) | <.001 |
| 20-28.9 | 35 597 (20.0) | 10 930 (20.9) | |
| 14-19.9 | 41 499 (23.3) | 12 634 (24.1) | |
| <14 | 78 015 (43.9) | 21 927 (41.8) | |
| Distance from facility, median (interquartile range), milesb | 14.8 (6.6-37.8) | 13.6 (6.0-33.5) | <.001 |
| Year of diagnosis, median (interquartile range) | 2012 (2011-2014) | 2012 (2011-2014) | <.001 |
| Tumor category | |||
| T2 | 141 719 (79.7) | 26 012 (50.0) | <.001 |
| T3 | 35 924 (20.2) | 26 024 (50.0) | |
| T4 | 116 (0.1) | 370 (1.0) | |
| Gleason score | |||
| ≤6 | 50 813 (29.0) | 6775 (13.0) | <.001 |
| 7 | 111 044 (62.0) | 34 902 (67.0) | |
| 8-10 | 15 902 (9.0) | 10 739 (20.0) | |
| Lymph node invasion | |||
| Absent | 174 233 (98.0) | 48 818 (93.0) | <.001 |
| Present | 3526 (2.0) | 3598 (7.0) | |
a
Percentages in each category do not always total 100% because of rounding.
b
To convert miles to kilometers, multiply by 1.61.