Table 1.
Role of SOX2 in cancer stemness.
| Cancer type | SOX2-expressing cells | CSCs/TICs | SOX2 expression in CSC | SOX2 depletion | Genetic means for SOX2 depletion | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glioma | Yes | GBM CSC/glioma stem cells/GBM neurosphere | Halts CSC generation | shRNA | Jeon et al. (2011) | |
| Yes | GBM TIC | High | Halts TIC | shRNA | Gangemi et al. (2009) | |
| Yes | GBM neurosphere | High | Reduces GBM CSC | siRNA | Hägerstrand et al. (2011) | |
| Yes | Glioma initiating cells | High | Reduces neurosphere | siRNA | Ikushima et al. (2009) | |
| Yes | GBM CSC | High | Abolishes CSC phenotypes | shRNA | Berezovsky et al. (2014) | |
| Lung cancers | Yes | LSCC stem-like cells | High | Impairs oncosphere proliferation, produced small and disorganized oncospheres | shRNA | Justilien et al. (2014) |
| Yes | NSCLC stem cells | High | Lose cancer stemness | siRNA | Singh et al. (2012) | |
| Yes | NSCLC CSC | High | Suppress tumor growth & metastasis | siRNA | Xiang et al. (2011) | |
| Breast cancers | Yes | Mammosphere | High | Reduce CSC | siRNA | Piva et al. (2014) |
| Yes | Breast CSC | High | Diminishes CSC | siRNA | Mukherjee et al. (2017) | |
| Medulloblastoma | Yes | Medulloblastoma propagating cells (MPCs) | High | NA | NA | Vanner et al. (2014) |
| Papilloma & skin SCC | Yes | SCC CSC | High | Tumor regression | SOX2+ lineage ablation & conditional SOX2 deletion | Boumahdi et al. (2014) |
| Colorectal cancers (CRC) | Yes | CRC CSC | High | NA | NA | Lundberg et al. (2016) |
| HNSCC | Yes | HNSCC CSC | High | Reduces self-renewal capacity | shRNA | Lee et al. (2014) |
| Yes | HNSCC CSC | High | NA | NA | Keysar et al. (2017) | |
| Sarcomas | Yes | Osteospheres | High | Fail to form osteospheres | shRNA | Basu-Roy et al. (2012) |
| Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) | Yes | PDAC CSC | High | Reduces CSC generation | shRNA | Herreros-Villanueva et al. (2013) |
| Serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) | Yes | SOC CSC | High | Reduces sphere formation | shRNA | Bareiss et al. (2013) |
| Melanoma | Yes | Melanoma-initiating cells | High | Reduces MIC self-renewal capacity | shRNA | Santini et al. (2014) |
| Gastric cancers | Yes | Gastric cancer stem-like cells | High | Reduces colony formation | siRNA | Tian et al. (2012) |
| Cervical cancers | Yes | Cervical cancer CSC | High | NA | NA | Liu et al., (2014) |
| Bladder cancers | Yes | Bladder cancer CSC | High | Tumor regression | SOX2+ lineage ablation | Zhu et al. (2017) |