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. 2005 Jan 19;128(3):516–527. doi: 10.1093/brain/awh390

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© The Author (2005). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journal.permissions@oupjournals.org

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Fig. 4 — RT–PCR of snap-frozen samples for (A) the endogenous housekeeping gene β-microglobulin (250 bases) and (B) the oligodendrocyte-specific gene claudin-11 (500 bases). Note that not all samples are positive for cDNA, even for the housekeeping gene, with claudin-11 less abundant and more variable. Both are 2% agarose gels with a 1 kb ladder in increments of 100 bases. N = NAWM; L = lesion. As both fixed frozen and snap-frozen samples were not available for all multiple sclerosis patients, some of the PCR samples will not be seen with FISH data and vice versa. Southern blot of genomic DNA (C) and cDNA (D) for the HHV-6 IE gene using nested PCR demonstrates the presence of the viral genome in all samples (highlighted box in C) and transcription in most sample sets (arrows highlight the strongest bands), complementing mRNA FISH and protein data. As nested PCR was utilized, three bands are seen in the positive control lanes representing the three possible primer combinations. The main middle band is predominant in the genomic DNA samples (C), whilst examples of all three are evident in the cDNA samples (D).