Table 3.
Cytokine levels in patients with dengue *
| Cytokines | DF | DHF |
|---|---|---|
| IL‐1β | No change | No change |
| IL‐2 | Marked increase | Increase |
| IL‐4 | Decrease | Marked increase |
| IL‐6 | Increase | Marked increase |
| IL‐8 | Marked increase | Marked increase |
| IL‐10 | Decrease | Marked increase |
| IL‐12 | Marked increase | Decrease |
| IL‐13 | Decrease | Marked increase |
| IL‐18 | Increase | Marked increase |
| TNF‐α | Marked increase | Marked increase |
| IFN‐γ | Marked increase | Increase |
| Transforming growth factor‐β | Decrease | Marked increase |
| Cytotoxic factor | Increase | Marked increase |
*Modified from Chaturvedi et al. (2005).