Table 4.

 Effects of DV infection on vascular permeability through factors secreted by the endothelial cells

Factors secreted by endothelial cells	Functions	Effects of DV infection
Prostacyclin	Vasodilation, inhibits platelet aggregation	Inhibited
Nitric oxide	Vasodilation, inhibits platelet adhesion and aggregation	Increased
Endothelin‐1 (ET‐1)	Vasoconstriction	Inhibited
Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)	Regulates fibrinolysis	Increased
Thrombomodulin	Anticoagulant activity	Increased
von Willebrand Factor	Promotes platelet adhesion and activation of blood coagulation	Increased