Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants.
| Variable | All |
Dementia |
|---|---|---|
| n = 1299 | n = 408 | |
| Age, year, mean (standard deviation) | 92.5 (2.4) | 92.6 (2.6) |
| Women, n (%) | 982 (75.6) | 309 (75.7) |
| Self-rated health (n = 1282), n (%) | ||
| Very good | 32 (2.5) | 5 (1.3) |
| Fairly good | 328 (25.6) | 72 (18.1) |
| Average | 591 (46.1) | 174 (43.8) |
| Fairly bad | 257 (20.0) | 109 (27.5) |
| Bad | 74 (5.8) | 37 (9.3) |
| Dementia, n (%) | 408 (31.4) | 408 (100.0) |
| Heart disease, n (%) | 701 (54.0) | 224 (54.9) |
| Stroke, n (%) | 109 (8.4) | 52 (12.7) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 196 (15.1) | 67 (16.4) |
| Arthritis, n (%) | 591 (45.5) | 172 (42.2) |
| Hip fracture, n (%) | 214 (16.5) | 79 (19.4) |
| Cancer, n (%) | 217 (16.7) | 70 (17.2) |
| Depression (n = 1248), n (%) | 200 (15.4) | 97 (23.8) |
| Fatigue (n = 1279), n (%) | ||
| Never | 464 (36.8) | 175 (44.1) |
| Sometimes | 750 (58.6) | 204 (51.4) |
| Often | 65 (5.1) | 18 (4.5) |
| Dizziness, n (%) | ||
| Never | 211 (16.2) | 55 (13.5) |
| Sometimes | 721 (55.5) | 209 (51.2) |
| Often | 211 (28.3) | 144 (35.3) |
| Hearing, n (%) | ||
| Good | 1013 (78.0) | 283 (69.4) |
| Moderate or poor | 286 (22.1) | 125 (30.6) |
| Vision, n (%) | ||
| Good | 926 (71.3) | 261 (64.0) |
| Moderate | 218 (16.8) | 88 (21.6) |
| Poor | 155 (11.9) | 59 (14.5) |
| Mobility | ||
| Walking 400 m (n = 1288), n (%) | ||
| Yes, without difficulty | 489 (38.0) | 100 (24.7) |
| Yes, with difficulty | 322 (25.0) | 100 (24.7) |
| Only if someone helps | 168 (13.0) | 74 (18.3) |
| No | 309 (24.0) | 131 (32.3) |
| Climbing stairs (n = 1289), n (%) | ||
| Yes, without difficulty | 362 (28.1) | 75 (18.5) |
| Yes, with difficulty | 422 (32.7) | 120 (29.6) |
| Only if someone helps | 210 (16.3) | 86 (21.2) |
| No | 295 (22.9) | 125 (30.8) |
| Activities of Daily Living | ||
| Moving inside (n = 1291), n (%) | ||
| Yes, without difficulty | 774 (60.0) | 192 (47.3) |
| Yes, with difficulty | 422 (32.7) | 153 (37.7) |
| Only if someone helps | 57 (4.4) | 37 (9.1) |
| No | 38 (2.9) | 24 (5.9) |
| Dressing and undressing (n = 1293), n (%) | ||
| Yes, without difficulty | 747 (57.8) | 160 (39.4) |
| Yes, with difficulty | 375 (29.0) | 128 (31.5) |
| Only if someone helps | 107 (8.3) | 71 (17.5) |
| No | 64 (4.9) | 47 (11.6) |
| Getting in and out of bed (n = 1295), n (%) | ||
| Yes, without difficulty | 939 (72.5) | 237 (58.4) |
| Yes, with difficulty | 258 (19.9) | 99 (24.4) |
| Only if someone helps | 56 (4.3) | 40 (9.9) |
| No | 42 (3.2) | 30 (7.4) |