Table 3.
Methodological Quality Rating per Domain per Study
| Author, Y (Reference) | Prevalence Outcome (P) | SD | BL | RSB | RWD | CF | DC | DA | RP | Overall |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic/Glycemic (M) | ||||||||||
| Abdelgadir 2009 (24) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | M | Moderate |
| Al Tannir 2016 (25) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | W | NR | S | Moderate |
| Aribas 2015 (26) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Aribas 2015 | M | M | NR | W | NR | W | W | M | S | Weak |
| Bani-Issa 2017 (27) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Bani-Issa 2017 | M | M | NR | S | NR | W | W | M | S | Weak |
| Bedi 2011 (28) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Bener 2010 (29) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Bhaskar 2016 (30) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | M | NR | S | Strong |
| Bilge 2016 (18) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Budhiraja 2011 (31) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Celik 2012 (32) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Chang 2017 (33) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Cheng 2017 (34) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | W | NR | S | Weak |
| Cheng 2017 | M | M | NR | W | NR | W | W | M | S | Weak |
| Cho 2014 (35) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Colbay 2015 (36) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | M | NR | S | Moderate |
| Colbay 2015 | M | M | NR | M | NR | W | S | M | S | Moderate |
| Cuellar 2008 (37) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Cunha 2008 (38) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Cunha 2008 | M | M | NR | W | NR | W | W | W | S | Weak |
| El Aghoury 2017 (39) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Ford 2015 (40) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | W | NR | S | Moderate |
| Fritschi 2017 (41) | M | M | NR | M | NR | W | W | M | M | Weak |
| Fukui (42) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | M | Moderate |
| Gozashti 2016 (43) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Gozashti 2016 | M | M | NR | W | NR | W | W | S | S | Weak |
| Grandner 2011 (44) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | W | NR | S | Moderate |
| Han 2002 (45) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | W | NR | S | Weak |
| Han 2002 | M | M | NR | W | NR | W | M | M | S | Weak |
| Hayashino 2013 (46) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Hayashino 2013 | M | M | NR | M | NR | W | W | M | S | Weak |
| Hood 2014 (47) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Huang 2017 (48) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Huang 2017 | M | M | NR | W | NR | W | W | M | S | Weak |
| Hung 2013 (49) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Hyyppa 1989 (50) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Jain 2012 (51) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | W | NR | M | Moderate |
| Jain 2012 | M | M | NR | M | NR | W | W | M | M | Weak |
| Johnson 2017 | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | W | NR | M | Moderate |
| Kara 2015 (53) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Kasenova 2017 (54) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | M | NR | S | Moderate |
| Katic 2015 (17) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | M | NR | S | Moderate |
| Keskin 2016 (56) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Keskin 2016 | M | M | NR | S | NR | M | M | S | S | Strong |
| Keskin 2015 (55) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Keskin 2015 | M | M | NR | S | NR | W | S | M | S | Moderate |
| Khosravan 2015 (57) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | M | Moderate |
| Knutson 2006 (6) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Knutson 2006 | M | M | NR | S | NR | M | S | S | S | Strong |
| Knutson 2011 (58) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Knutson 2011 | M | M | NR | M | NR | M | S | S | S | Strong |
| Koyagani 2014 (65) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | W | NR | S | Moderate |
| Lecube 2016 (66) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Lecube 2016 | M | M | NR | W | NR | W | W | W | S | Weak |
| Lopes 2005 (67) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Lopes 2005 | M | M | NR | M | NR | W | W | W | S | Weak |
| Lou 2012 (68) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | M | NR | S | Moderate |
| Lou 2015 (69) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Lou 2015 | M | M | NR | S | NR | W | S | M | S | Moderate |
| Luyster 2011 (70) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Mahmood 2013 (72) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Mahmood 2013 | M | M | NR | S | NR | M | W | S | S | Moderate |
| Manodpitipong 2017 (71) | M | M | NR | M | NR | M | S | S | S | Strong |
| Medeiros 2013 (73) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Meng 2015 (74) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Meng 2015 | M | M | NR | W | NR | W | M | M | S | Weak |
| Narisawa 2017 (75) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Nefs 2015 (76) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Nefs 2015 | M | M | NR | M | NR | W | W | M | S | Weak |
| Osonoi 2015 (77) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Osonoi 2015 | M | M | NR | M | NR | M | M | S | S | Moderate |
| Rajendran 2012 (78) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Ramos 2015 (79) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Ramtahal 2015 (80) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Sakamoto 2018 (81) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Seligowski 2013 (82) | M | M | NR | M | NR | W | W | M | M | Weak |
| Shamshirgaran 2017 (83) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Shamshirgaran 2017 | M | M | NR | W | NR | W | W | M | S | Weak |
| Shim 2011 (84) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Skomro 2001 (85) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | M | NR | S | Moderate |
| Sokwalla 2017 (86) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Sokwalla 2017 | M | M | NR | M | NR | W | S | M | S | Moderate |
| Song 2013 (87) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Sridhar 1994 (88) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | M | NR | S | Moderate |
| Sudore 2012 (89) | P | M | NR | S | NR | NR | M | NR | S | Strong |
| Tang 2014 (90) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Tang 2014 | M | M | NR | M | NR | S | M | S | S | Strong |
| Tanjani 2015 (91) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | W | NR | M | Weak |
| Telford 2018 (92) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Telford 2018 | M | M | NR | W | NR | M | M | S | S | Moderate |
| Thongsai 2013 (93) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | W | NR | S | Weak |
| Torrella 2015 (94) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Torrella 2015 | M | M | NR | W | NR | M | M | S | S | Moderate |
| Trento 2008 (95) | M | M | NR | W | NR | W | W | M | S | Weak |
| Tsai 2012 (96) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Tsai 2012 | M | M | NR | M | NR | M | M | S | S | Moderate |
| Tsujimura 2009 (97) | M | M | NR | W | NR | W | M | M | M | Weak |
| Vernon 2008 (98) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Moderate |
| Wei 2017 | M | M | NR | W | NR | W | S | M | S | Weak |
| Yagi 2011 (100) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Zelman 2006 (101) | P | M | NR | W | NR | NR | S | NR | M | Moderate |
| Zhang 2016 (63) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Zhu 2014 (102) | P | M | NR | M | NR | NR | S | NR | S | Strong |
| Zhu 2014 | M | M | NR | M | NR | S | S | S | S | Strong |
| Zhu 2018 (103) | M | M | NR | W | NR | W | W | M | M | Weak |
Abbreviations: BL, blinding; BMI, body mass index; CF, confounding; DA, data-analysis; DC, data-collection; M, moderate; NR, no rating; RP, reporting; RSB, representativeness with regard to selection bias; RWD, representativeness with regard to withdrawals/dropouts; S, strong; SD, study design; W, weak.