Table 5.
Sensitivity Analyses of the Mean Difference Analyses in Metabolic and Glycemic Parameters Between Type 2 Diabetes Patients With and Without Insomnia (Symptoms)
| Metabolic Parameter | Type of Analysis | No. Studies (Left) | MDa | 95% CI | I2 (P Value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HbA1c levels (%) | Overall | 14 | 0.23 | 0.1–0.4 | 76% (P < 0.00001) |
| Excluding studies with calculated mean | 12 | 0.12 | -0.1–0.3 | 68% (P = 0.0006) | |
| Excluding studies with weak quality | 5 | 0.49 | 0.2–0.8 | 77% (P = 0.002) | |
| Poor glycemic control (risk ratio) | Overall | 7 | 1.18 | 1.0–1.4 | 73% (P = 0.001) |
| Excluding studies with weak quality | 4 | 1.22 | 1.1–1.4 | 30% (P = 0.23) | |
| Excluding outlier | 6 | 1.22 | 1.1–1.3 | 0% (P = 0.44) | |
| Fasting glucose levels (mmol/L) | Overall | 11 | 0.40 | 0.2–0.7 | 57% (P = 0.01) |
| Excluding studies with calculated mean | 8 | 0.33 | 0–0.7 | 50% (P = 0.05) | |
| Excluding studies with weak quality | 4 | 0.64 | 0.3–1.0 | 50% (P = 0.11) | |
| BMI (kg/m 2) | Overall | 14 | 0.38 | 0.1–0.7 | 47% (P = 0.03) |
| Excluding studies with calculated mean | 12 | 0.34 | 0.1–0.6 | 5% (P = 0.40) | |
| Excluding studies with weak quality | 4 | 0.63 | -0.01–1.3 | 67% (P = 0.01) | |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | Overall | 8 | 0.16 | -0.1–0.5 | 91% (P < 0.00001) |
| Excluding studies with calculated mean | 4 | 0.02 | -0.4–0.5 | 68% (P = 0.02) | |
| Excluding studies with weak quality | 4 | 0.33 | -0.04–0.7 | 91% (P < 0.00001) | |
| Excluding outlier | 7 | 0.26 | -0.02–0.5 | 90% (P < 0.00001) | |
| HDL levels (mmol/L) | Overall | 7 | 0.02 | -0.01–0.1 | 0% (P = 0.43) |
| Excluding studies with calculated mean | 6 | 0.02 | -0.01–0.1 | 10% (P = 0.35) | |
| Excluding studies with weak quality | 3 | 0.05 | 0–0.1 | 0% (P = 0.96) | |
| LDL levels (mmol/L) | Overall | 7 | 0.05 | -0.1–0.2 | 48% (P = 0.08) |
| Excluding studies with calculated mean | 6 | 0.09 | -0.03–0.2 | 28% (P = 0.23) | |
| Excluding studies with weak quality | 3 | 0.18 | 0.04–0.3 | 0% (P = 0.64) | |
| Total cholesterol levels (mmol/L) | Overall | 5 | 0.15 | 0.03–0.3 | 0% (P = 0.43) |
| Excluding studies with weak quality | 2 | 0.21 | -0.01–0.4 | 42% (P = 0.19) | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Overall | 9 | 2.69 | 0.1–5.3 | 60% (P = 0.01) |
| Excluding studies with calculated mean | 8 | 3.14 | 0.3–6.0 | 62% (P = 0.01) | |
| Excluding studies with weak quality | 5 | 4.42 | 0.1–8.7 | 72% (P = 0.006) | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Overall | 8 | 1.13 | -0.1–2.3 | 25% (P = 0.23) |
| Excluding studies with calculated mean | 7 | 1.00 | -0.5–2.5 | 34% (P = 0.27) | |
| Excluding studies with weak quality | 4 | 1.28 | -1.1–3.6 | 54% (P = 0.09) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MD, mean difference.
aFor poor glycemic control, it is not the mean difference but the Risk ratio. Boldface type indicates P < 0.05.