Table 2.
Descriptive data.
| Boys (n = 311) | Girls (n = 300) | Difference | Total (n = 611) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Background | ||||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 13.2 (0.3) | 13.2 (0.3) | t = 0.65 | 13.2 (0.3) |
| Immigrants, n (%) | 26 (9) | 25 (9) | χ2(1) = 0.01 | 51 (9) |
| Parental higher education, n (%) | 133 (69) | 132 (70) | χ2(1) = 0.72 | 265 (69) |
| Lifestyle-related variables | ||||
| BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 19.6 (3.2) | 20.5 (3.6) | t = 2.84** | 20.1 (3.4) |
| Overweight/obesity, n (%) | 41 (17) | 54 (22) | χ2(1) = 2.13 | 95 (19) |
| Physical activity, CPM, mean (SD) | 513.0 (186.7) | 445.2 (155.6) | t = 4.36*** | 476.8 (174.0) |
| MVPA, minute/day, mean (SD) | 58.4 (24.8) | 50.3 (20.3) | t = 3.95*** | 54.1 (22.9) |
| Compliance with PA recommendations, n (%) | 94 (41) | 80 (31) | χ2(1) = 5.98 | 174 (36) |
| Sedentary time, hours/day, mean (SD) | 8.8 (1.3) | 9.1 (1.1) | t = 3.02** | 9.0 (1.2) |
| Andersen test, mean (SD) | 1018 (128) | 973 (111) | t = 4.31*** | 996.4 (122.2) |
| Recommended dietary intake, index, mean (SD) | 5.8 (1.7) | 6.4 (1.8) | t = 3.84*** | 6.2 (1.8) |
| Sleep item #1a mean (SD) | 1.50 (1.06) | 1.66 (1.16) | t = 1.69 | 1.58 (1.11) |
| Sleep item #2b mean (SD) | 2.82 (1.59) | 3.14 (1.50) | t = 2.48* | 2.98 (1.56) |
| Sleep item #3c mean (SD) | 1.42 (0.85) | 1.34 (0.80) | t = 1.09 | 1.38 (0.83) |
| Sleep item #4d mean (SD) | 2.25 (1.42) | 2.37 (1.46) | t = 1.00 | 2.31 (1.44) |
| Sleep item #5e mean (SD) | 1.26 (0.78) | 1.22 (0.69) | t = 0.70 | 1.24 (0.74) |
| Sleep item #6f mean (SD) | 1.43 (0.82) | 1.32 (0.76) | t = 1.65 | 1.37 (0.80) |
| Sleep index, mean (SD) | 10.68 (3.49) | 11.04 (3.54) | t = 1.26 | 10.86 (3.5) |
| Resilience | ||||
| READ, mean | 3.99 (0.65) | 4.96 (0.60) | t = 1.36 | 4.02 (0.63) |
| Personal competence | 3.97 (0.68) | 3.85 (0.60) | t = 2.00* | 3.91 (0.69) |
| Structured style | 3.63 (0.76) | 3.69 (0.75) | t = 1.09 | 3.66 (0.76) |
| Social competence | 3.79 (0.79) | 3.94 (0.75) | t = 2.38* | 3.87 (0.77) |
| Social resources | 4.28 (0.74) | 4.49 (0.61) | t = 3.77*** | 4.39 (0.69) |
| Family cohesion | 4.17 (0.74) | 4.30 (0.68) | t = 2.37* | 4.23 (0.71) |
| Health-related quality of life | ||||
| Physical well-being | 46.7 (9.4) | 46.1 (9.1) | t = 0.70 | 46.4 (9.2) |
| Psychological well-being | 51.0 (9.3) | 50.5 (9.6) | t = 0.68 | 50.7 (9.5) |
| Parent relations and autonomy | 52.4 (10.1) | 54.1 (9.6) | t = −2.07* | 53.3 (9.9) |
| Social support and peers | 50.3 (10.1) | 52.4 (9.4) | t = −2.61** | 51.4 (9.8) |
| School environment | 51.5 (9.7) | 52.6 (9.4) | t = −1.30 | 52.0 (9.6) |
*P < 0.05. **P < 0.01. ***P < 0.001. CPM: counts per minute; MVPA: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; PA: physical activity; SD: standard deviation; BMI: body mass index; READ: Resilience Scale for Adolescents. aDuring the past month, how many days have you had problems getting to sleep after you have switched the light off? bDuring the past month, how many days have you not felt properly rested after sleeping? cDuring the past month, how many days have you been so sleepy/tired that it has affected your schoolwork or leisure activities? dDuring the past month, how many days have you had difficulty waking up at the right time in the morning? eDuring the past month, how many days have you not managed to fall asleep before 2 a.m.? fDuring the past month, how many days have you woken up too early and been unable to get back to sleep?