Table 1. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the Superwellness and TAU groups at baseline.
| Superwellness (n=59) | TAU (n=26) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | n (%) | n (%) | χ2 p-value |
| Sex (female) | 32 (54.2) | 11 (42.3) | 0.353 |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 5 (8.5) | 3 (11.5) | 0.347 |
| Single | 41 (69.5) | 21 (80.8) | |
| Divorced | 11 (18.6) | 1 (3.8) | |
| Diagnosis | |||
| Schizophrenia/schizophrenic disorder | 46 (78.0) | 21 (80.7) | 0.465 |
| Schizoaffective disorder | 12 (20.3) | 5 (19.2) | |
| BMI | |||
| Overweight (BMI ≤ 30) | 22 (37.3) | 5 (19.2) | 0.093 |
| Mild obesity (30 < BMI < 35) | 21 (35.6) | 8 (30.8) | |
| Moderate/severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35) | 16 (27.1) | 13 (50.0) | |
| Antipsychotic drugs | |||
| First-generation only | 4 (6.8) | 2 (7.7) | 0.626 |
| Second-generation | 55 (93.2) | 24 (92.3) | |
| Second-generation agents* | |||
| Clozapine/olanzapine | 18 (32.7) | 9 (37.5) | 0.553 |
| Risperidone/quetiapine | 26 (47.3) | 13 (54.2) | |
| Aripiprazole | 11 (20.0) | 2 (8.3) | |
| Variable | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | t-test p-value |
| Age (years) | 43.1 (9.0) | 41.8 (10.1) | 0.545 |
| Age at illness onset (years) | 23.6 (6.2) | 25.8 (7.8) | 0.227 |
| Duration of illness (years) | 17.0 (10.7) | 17.9 (11.1) | 0.687 |
| Weight (kg) | 91.4 (16.2) | 99.0 (17.5) | 0.075 |
| Metabolic parameters | |||
| Cholesterol, total (mg/dL)† | 214.1 (41.3) | 208.2 (42.3) | 0.581 |
| Triglycerides‡ | 162.8 (103.5) | 164.1 (71.5) | 0.888 |
| Waist circumference§ | 111.2 (13.5) | 118.8 (11.8) | 0.127 |
BMI = body mass index; SD = standard deviation; TAU = treatment as usual.
*
In accordance with American Diabetes Association, American Psychiatric Association, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, North American Association for the Study of Obesity, 2004.29
†
Cholesterol level: low < 200; 200 ≤ medium < 240; high ≥ 240.
‡
Triglyceride level: low < 200; 200 ≤ medium < 400; high ≥ 400.
§
Waist circumference cutoff (for males): small < 95; 95 ≤ medium < 110; large ≥ 110.