Table 5. Multiple linear regression analysis of each neuropsychiatric symptom in moderately impaired patients (CDR = 2.0) (n=92).
| NPI total score (F-ratio = 0.713, p = 0.745) | Delusions (F-ratio = 1.205, p = 0.292) | Hallucinations (F-ratio = 1.413, p = 0.172) | Agitation (F-ratio = 1.291, p = 0.237) | Dysphoria (F-ratio = 2.150, p = 0.020) | Anxiety (F-ratio = 1.305, p = 0.228) | Euphoria (F-ratio = 0.928, p = 0.528) | Apathy (F-ratio = 1.818, p = 0.055) | Disinhibition (F-ratio = 1.015, p = 0.446) | Irritability (F-ratio = 0.649, p = 0.805) | Aberrant motor behavior (F-ratio = 1.223, p = 0.279) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effects | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p |
| Constant | 40.10 | 0.100 | 0.04 | 0.993 | 10.25 | 0.002 | -1.91 | 0.705 | 5.69 | 0.225 | 11.40 | 0.044 | 10.47 | 0.013 | 17.23 | 0.009 | -5.16 | 0.238 | -3.09 | 0.534 | -4.83 | 0.411 |
| Male gender | 1.45 | 0.726 | -1.18 | 0.829 | -0.47 | 0.391 | 1.10 | 0.203 | -0.65 | 0.419 | 0.21 | 0.823 | 0.10 | 0.890 | 2.64 | 0.019 | -0.47 | 0.532 | -0.43 | 0.614 | -0.40 | 0.689 |
| Years of schooling | -0.61 | 0.285 | -0.11 | 0.337 | -0.09 | 0.234 | 0.07 | 0.570 | -0.32 | 0.005 | -0.22 | 0.096 | -0.08 | 0.388 | -0.19 | 0.208 | 0.08 | 0.460 | 0.01 | 0.962 | 0.26 | 0.064 |
| Age at dementia onset* | -0.21 | 0.472 | 0.03 | 0.618 | -0.12 | 0.004 | 0.04 | 0.527 | 0.01 | 0.889 | -0.08 | 0.248 | -0.10 | 0.043 | -0.17 | 0.033 | 0.05 | 0.319 | 0.06 | 0.360 | 0.07 | 0.316 |
| Copies of APOE-ɛ4 | 1.65 | 0.570 | 0.45 | 0.440 | 0.07 | 0.850 | -0.01 | 0.997 | 0.50 | 0.378 | 0.55 | 0.410 | 0.28 | 0.571 | -1.58 | 0.044 | 0.84 | 0.112 | 0.44 | 0.466 | 0.10 | 0.882 |
| Copies of rs1800764-C | -4.79 | 0.234 | -0.27 | 0.739 | -0.64 | 0.225 | -0.87 | 0.296 | -1.82 | 0.021 | -0.17 | 0.857 | -1.05 | 0.129 | -0.04 | 0.971 | -0.15 | 0.838 | -0.65 | 0.430 | 0.87 | 0.371 |
| Copies of rs4291-T | 5.23 | 0.186 | 0.41 | 0.609 | 0.57 | 0.273 | 0.51 | 0.534 | 1.45 | 0.060 | 0.43 | 0.636 | 1.13 | 0.096 | 1.07 | 0.311 | 0.64 | 0.369 | 0.14 | 0.861 | -1.11 | 0.246 |
| Copies of rs11669576-A | -1.48 | 0.769 | -1.47 | 0.152 | -0.98 | 0.143 | -0.58 | 0.583 | 1.25 | 0.203 | -2.34 | 0.047 | -0.62 | 0.468 | -0.26 | 0.849 | 0.51 | 0.574 | 0.28 | 0.790 | 2.74 | 0.027 |
| Copies of rs5930-A | 0.78 | 0.786 | 0.90 | 0.123 | 0.23 | 0.542 | 0.61 | 0.306 | -1.01 | 0.072 | -1.61 | 0.017 | -0.55 | 0.262 | 0.28 | 0.714 | 0.59 | 0.250 | 1.14 | 0.055 | 0.18 | 0.790 |
| Copies of rs2695121-T | -1.86 | 0.476 | -0.75 | 0.155 | 0.10 | 0.766 | -0.19 | 0.730 | 0.23 | 0.647 | -0.74 | 0.218 | -0.39 | 0.376 | 0.04 | 0.956 | 0.15 | 0.745 | 0.39 | 0.468 | -0.69 | 0.274 |
| Copies of rs5882-G | -1.59 | 0.594 | 0.46 | 0.447 | -0.03 | 0.937 | -0.01 | 0.986 | -1.33 | 0.024 | -0.38 | 0.581 | -0.37 | 0.465 | 0.10 | 0.896 | 0.01 | 0.980 | -0.36 | 0.553 | 0.31 | 0.664 |
| Copies of rs708272-A | -0.71 | 0.799 | -0.53 | 0.356 | 0.24 | 0.519 | -0.01 | 0.985 | -0.37 | 0.493 | -0.50 | 0.441 | -0.31 | 0.523 | 0.06 | 0.940 | 0.21 | 0.673 | 0.49 | 0.392 | 0.00 | 0.999 |
| Antipsychotic therapy† | 7.11 | 0.060 | 1.70 | 0.028 | 0.67 | 0.178 | 1.64 | 0.038 | -1.30 | 0.074 | 0.93 | 0.285 | 0.84 | 0.192 | 0.89 | 0.374 | 0.71 | 0.291 | 0.79 | 0.307 | 0.25 | 0.780 |
| Antidepressant therapy† | 2.52 | 0.498 | -0.63 | 0.402 | -0.69 | 0.161 | 1.88 | 0.017 | -0.20 | 0.781 | -0.79 | 0.358 | -0.42 | 0.503 | 0.24 | 0.805 | 1.26 | 0.063 | 0.50 | 0.513 | 1.37 | 0.130 |
| Symptom frequency (%) | - | 45.7 | 39.1 | 63.0 | 60.9 | 46.7 | 27.2 | 68.5 | 30.4 | 56.5 | 37.0 | |||||||||||
| Scores (mean ± SD) | 22.67±15.7 | 2.00±3.3 | 1.08±2.2 | 2.55±3.4 | 2.35±3.4 | 2.46±3.8 | 1.22±2.7 | 4.82±4.5 | 1.34±2.9 | 2.45±3.2 | 2.42±4.0 | |||||||||||
APOE = apolipoprotein E gene; CDR = Clinical Dementia Rating; NPI = 10-item Neuropsychiatric Inventory; SD = standard deviation.
*
Age in years
†
Pharmacological therapy = yes or no.
Results in bold are significant.