Table 6. Multiple linear regression analysis of each neuropsychiatric symptom in severely impaired patients (CDR = 3.0) (n=31).
| NPI total score (F-ratio = 2.801, p = 0.024) | Delusions (F-ratio = 2.837, p = 0.023) | Hallucinations (F-ratio = 1.184, p = 0.366) | Agitation (F-ratio = 1.205, p = 0.353) | Dysphoria (F-ratio = 1.747, p = 0.140) | Anxiety (F-ratio = 1.830, p = 0.121) | Euphoria (F-ratio = 0.753, p = 0.694) | Apathy (F-ratio = 1.592, p = 0.182) | Disinhibition (F-ratio = 1.550, p = 0.196) | Irritability (F-ratio = 1.225, p = 0.342) | Aberrant motor behavior (F-ratio = 2.339, p = 0.051) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effects | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p |
| Constant | -106.0 | 0.056 | -4.02 | 0.628 | -21.57 | 0.092 | -9.04 | 0.456 | -6.52 | 0.550 | -21.73 | 0.080 | -9.91 | 0.372 | -19.71 | 0.109 | -27.17 | 0.018 | -12.11 | 0.333 | 25.82 | 0.040 |
| Male gender | 20.44 | 0.043 | 5.52 | 0.002 | 2.38 | 0.292 | -0.46 | 0.832 | 0.17 | 0.930 | 3.56 | 0.109 | 0.84 | 0.673 | 2.05 | 0.345 | 1.92 | 0.318 | 2.41 | 0.287 | 2.06 | 0.340 |
| Years of schooling | -5.40 | 0.003 | -0.03 | 0.901 | -0.51 | 0.171 | -0.76 | 0.044 | -0.46 | 0.167 | -0.70 | 0.057 | -0.66 | 0.054 | -0.28 | 0.431 | -0.53 | 0.103 | -0.83 | 0.034 | -0.64 | 0.078 |
| Age at dementia onset* | 1.45 | 0.041 | -0.03 | 0.784 | 0.28 | 0.086 | 0.14 | 0.366 | 0.19 | 0.189 | 0.26 | 0.099 | 0.11 | 0.443 | -0.36 | 0.027 | 0.39 | 0.009 | 0.13 | 0.409 | -0.37 | 0.022 |
| Copies of APOE-ɛ4 | 11.00 | 0.116 | 2.98 | 0.011 | 0.45 | 0.777 | 1.23 | 0.431 | -0.26 | 0.854 | 2.49 | 0.115 | -0.03 | 0.984 | -1.99 | 0.200 | 0.89 | 0.511 | 1.94 | 0.230 | 3.31 | 0.040 |
| Copies of rs1800764-C | -7.00 | 0.279 | 0.88 | 0.386 | -1.19 | 0.428 | -2.04 | 0.173 | 0.08 | 0.949 | -0.09 | 0.948 | -0.51 | 0.702 | -1.34 | 0.354 | -2.18 | 0.100 | -1.58 | 0.297 | 0.96 | 0.502 |
| Copies of rs4291-T | -6.43 | 0.471 | -2.52 | 0.084 | -0.03 | 0.988 | 1.09 | 0.592 | -3.83 | 0.049 | -1.82 | 0.368 | 1.26 | 0.498 | 0.84 | 0.675 | 0.31 | 0.861 | 2.22 | 0.294 | -3.95 | 0.060 |
| Copies of rs11669576-A | 7.53 | 0.638 | -2.62 | 0.305 | 0.51 | 0.891 | -1.31 | 0.720 | 4.08 | 0.227 | 1.82 | 0.615 | 0.74 | 0.825 | 5.73 | 0.125 | 0.86 | 0.789 | -0.45 | 0.904 | -1.82 | 0.615 |
| Copies of rs5930-A | 17.15 | 0.003 | 1.55 | 0.064 | 1.34 | 0.265 | 1.79 | 0.133 | 1.84 | 0.092 | 2.01 | 0.090 | 0.37 | 0.724 | 3.13 | 0.012 | 1.60 | 0.126 | 2.68 | 0.034 | 0.83 | 0.465 |
| Copies of rs2695121-T | 9.50 | 0.244 | 0.31 | 0.806 | -0.09 | 0.963 | 1.05 | 0.567 | -1.63 | 0.331 | 3.86 | 0.044 | 2.83 | 0.103 | -1.52 | 0.402 | -1.10 | 0.492 | 1.21 | 0.521 | 4.58 | 0.019 |
| Copies of rs5882-G | 2.61 | 0.680 | 0.38 | 0.706 | 2.52 | 0.102 | 2.07 | 0.165 | -1.56 | 0.242 | -3.08 | 0.043 | 0.84 | 0.528 | 1.09 | 0.449 | 1.51 | 0.241 | 1.41 | 0.349 | -2.55 | 0.086 |
| Copies of rs708272-A | 16.69 | 0.036 | 4.18 | 0.002 | 1.41 | 0.420 | 0.07 | 0.967 | 0.18 | 0.906 | 4.66 | 0.012 | 1.41 | 0.369 | -3.21 | 0.068 | 0.28 | 0.850 | 1.17 | 0.504 | 6.54 | 0.001 |
| Antipsychotic therapy† | 4.37 | 0.588 | 1.58 | 0.223 | 1.26 | 0.504 | -0.48 | 0.794 | 0.16 | 0.924 | 0.81 | 0.656 | 1.16 | 0.494 | -0.95 | 0.602 | -0.52 | 0.748 | 0.81 | 0.670 | 0.54 | 0.764 |
| Antidepressant therapy† | 23.78 | 0.025 | 1.64 | 0.296 | 2.13 | 0.359 | 2.14 | 0.348 | 0.74 | 0.716 | 3.66 | 0.112 | 2.85 | 0.177 | 3.99 | 0.085 | 2.91 | 0.151 | 4.25 | 0.079 | -0.54 | 0.806 |
| Symptom frequency (%) | - | 58.1 | 64.5 | 74.2 | 71.0 | 45.2 | 38.7 | 87.1 | 48.4 | 67.7 | 45.2 | |||||||||||
| Scores (mean ± SD) | 33.10±22.4 | 2.29±3.6 | 2.94±4.1 | 3.16±4.0 | 3.55±4.0 | 3.26±4.4 | 1.87±3.3 | 6.03±4.2 | 2.61±3.7 | 3.65±4.1 | 3.74±4.8 | |||||||||||
APOE = apolipoprotein E gene; CDR = Clinical Dementia Rating; NPI = 10-item Neuropsychiatric Inventory; SD = standard deviation.
*
Age in years.
†
Pharmacological therapy = yes or no.
Results in bold are significant.