Fig. 9.

Schematic of description of preparation of SSMNs (stimulatory sampling microneedles) for inducing and monitoring immunoresponses. (A) Schematic of structure of a SSMN and its action mechanism. (B) Microneedle engineering process. PLLy, poly-l-lysine; PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane. Partially reprinted with permission from Reference [145].