Table 1.
Drug Class | Drug (D) | Conversion Factor/Ratio | Example | Calculated LED of the Example |
l‐dopa | IR l‐dopa | DD × 1 | 100 mg D tid | 300 mg |
CR l‐dopa | DD × 0.75 | 100 mg D qd | 75 mg | |
ER l‐dopa | DD × 0.5c | 200 mg D tid | 300 mg | |
Duodopa | DD × 1.11 | 7‐mL bolus +4.7 mL/h for 16 hours = 1,644 mg/day | 1,825 mg | |
COMT inhibitors | Entacapone | LD × 0.33a | 200 mg D tid in combination with 100 mg of levodopa tid | 100 mg (+300 mg LD) |
Tolcapone | LD × 0.5a | 100 mg D tid in combination with 100 mg of levodopa qid | 200 mg (+400 mg LD) | |
Opicapone | LD × 0.5a | 50 mg D qd in combination with 100 mg of levodopa qid | 200 mg (+400 mg LD) | |
MAO‐B inhibitors | Selegiline oral | DD × 10 | 10 mg D qd | 100 mg |
Selegiline sublingual | DD × 80 | 1.25 mg D qd | 100 mg | |
Rasagiline | DD × 100 | 1 mg D qd | 100 mg | |
Safinamide | LED = 100 mg | 50 or 100 mg D qd | 100 mg | |
Nonergot‐derived dopamine receptor agonistsb | Apomorphine | DD × 10 | 5 mg/h for 16 hours = 80 mg/day | 800 mg |
Piribedil | DD × 1 | 50 mg D tid | 150 mg | |
Pramipexole, ER/IR | DD × 100 | 2,1 mg D ER qd | 210 mg | |
Ropinirole, ER/IR | DD × 20 | 4 mg D tid | 240 mg | |
Rotigotine | DD × 30 | 8 mg D qd | 240 mg | |
Other | Amantadine | DD × 1 | 100 mg D tid | 300 mg |
Adapted and modified from Tomlinson et al.1
The result is then added to the total daily l‐dopa dose.
For information on ergot‐derived dopamine agonists, refer to Table 1 in Tomlinson et al.1
As proposed by Espay et al.5
D, drug; IR, immediate release; CR, controlled release; ER, extended release; DD, daily dose; LD, levodopa dose; qd, once a day; tid, three times a day; qid, four times a day.