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. 2018 Jun 12;119:99–108. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.06.009

Table 2.

Design and results of a pathology study of the original US PEDV strain PC21A in gnotobiotic 9-day-old pigs at post-inoculation hour (PIH) 16 when or shortly after vomiting was first detected.

Pig no. 1 2 3 4, 5 and 6
Oral inoculum, log10 GE/ml
2 ml, 8.9 (9.2 log10 GE/pig)
2 ml, 8.9 (9.2 log10 GE/pig)
2 ml, 8.9 (9.2 log10 GE/pig)
2 ml, mock
Onset of vomitinga
None (>PIH 16)
None (>PIH 16)
Around PIH 16
None
Fecal consistency score at PIH 16b
0
0
1
0
PEDV RNA in serum, log10 GE/ml, at PIH 16c
8.4
8.1
8.5
<3.8
Distribution of PEDV-induced histologic lesions based on intestinal locations (as also determined by IHC data)d
D
PJ
MJ
DJ
I
C
D
PJ
MJ
DJ
I
C
D
PJ
MJ
DJ
I
C
D
PJ
MJ
DJ
I
C


+

+



+

+


+
+

+







Antigen detection by IHC in FFPE intestinal tissue sectionse
+/−
+ or ++
+++
+ or ++
++ or +++


+
+++
+
+

+
+ or ++
+++
+ or ++
+ or ++







D, duodenum; PJ, proximal jejunum; MJ, mid-jejunum; DJ, distal jejunum; I, ileum; C, colon; IHC, immunohistochemistry; FFPE, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded.

a

Pig 3 had only one frequency of vomiting until euthanasia. None of the pigs 1–6 had other clinical signs until euthanasia.

b

Fecal consistency was scored as follows: 0 = solid; 1 = pasty; 2 = semi-liquid; 3 = liquid, with scores of 2 or more considered diarrheic.

c

Detected by real-time reverse transcription PCR with a detection limit of 4.8 log10 GE/ml for fecal samples and 3.8 log10 GE/ml for serum samples.

d

Detected by histopathology as evaluated along with IHC data. +, swelling and coagulative necrosis of villous epithelial cells, subepithelial edema, exfoliation of enterocytes, and/or villous atrophy; and -, no such lesions or lipid deposit in enterocytes.

e

Detected by IHC in multiple tissue sections, resulting in a range of IHC score. +/− (few), <1% of villous epithelial cells showed staining; + (low), 1%–29% of villous epithelial cells showed staining; ++ (moderate), 30%–59% of villous epithelial cells showed staining; +++ (high), 60%–100% villous epithelial cells showed staining; and -, no cells showed staining.