Table 3.
Health outcomes in urban-nonslum, urban-slum, and rural areas in Kenya and Bangladesh
| Country | Health indicator | Urban nonslum | Urban slum | Rural | Slums worse than rural |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kenya | Infant mortality | 39 | 91 | 76 | 15 per 1000 |
| Under-5 mortality (per 1000) | 62 | 150 | 114 | 36 per 1000 | |
| Stunting | 24% | 47% | 32% | 15% | |
| Primary school attendance ages 6–13 | 97% | 91% | 90% | 1% | |
| Secondary attendance ages 14–17 | 66% | 65% | 80% | 15% | |
| Bangladesh | Under-5 mortality (per 1000) | 53 | 95 | 66 | 29% |
| Skilled birth attendant | 45 | 15 | 19 | 4% | |
| Improved sanitation | 54 | 9 | 54 | 43% | |
| Secondary school attendance | 53 | 18 | 48 | 30% | |
| Gender parity in school attendance | 1.08 | 1.26 | 1.18 |
Data from African Population, Health Research Center. Population and health dynamics in Nairobi's informal settlements. Nairobi (Kenya): African Population and Health Research Center; 2002; and UNICEF Bangladesh. Understanding urban inequalities in Bangladesh: a prerequisite for achieving vision 2021. A study based on the 2009 multiple indicator cluster survey. Bangladesh: UNICEF; 2010.