Table 1. Descriptive statistics by overweight or obesity status.
| Variable | Overweight or Obese | Non-Overweight | Difference# | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | Standard Deviation | Mean | Standard Deviation | (t-statistic) | |
| Individual Characteristics | |||||
| Self-Reported Diabetes Status | 0.037 | 0.189 | 0.010 | 0.097 | 0.027*** (78.578) |
| Ordinal Blood Glucose Levels | 0.154 | 0.443 | 0.051 | 0.245 | 0.103*** (1.2e+02) |
| Blood Glucose Levels–Actual Values (in mg/dl) | 113.571 | 42.203 | 102.723 | 25.586 | 10.848*** (1.3e+02) |
| Body Mass Index (in kg/m2) | 28.317 | 3.323 | 20.249 | 2.493 | 8.068*** (1.1e+03) |
| Age (in years) | 35.282 | 8.705 | 28.910 | 9.859 | 6.372*** (2.3e+02) |
| Gender | 0.867 | 0.340 | 0.862 | 0.345 | 0.005*** (4.944) |
| Education | 1.625 | 0.983 | 1.451 | 0.994 | 0.174*** (60.889) |
| Marital Status | 0.897 | 0.304 | 0.695 | 0.460 | 0.202*** (1.6e+02) |
| Bank Account | 0.944 | 0.230 | 0.907 | 0.290 | 0.037*** (45.656) |
| Time since last ate (in hours) | 3.104 | 3.620 | 3.138 | 3.526 | -0.034*** (-3.335) |
| Time since last drink (in hours) | 4.031 | 10.141 | 5.685 | 14.761 | -1.654*** (-40.679) |
| Behavioural Risk Factors | |||||
| Smokes Cigarette | 0.025 | 0.156 | 0.024 | 0.153 | 0.001** (2.536) |
| Smokes Pipe | 0.0005 | 0.022 | 0.001 | 0.025 | -0.0002** (-2.392) |
| Chews Tobacco | 0.010 | 0.099 | 0.012 | 0.110 | -0.002*** (-7.352) |
| Snuffs | 0.001 | 0.033 | 0.001 | 0.034 | -0.000 (-0.345) |
| Smokes Cigar | 0.001 | 0.036 | 0.001 | 0.037 | -0.000 (-0.427) |
| Chews Paan or Gutkha | 0.039 | 0.192 | 0.051 | 0.221 | -0.013*** (-20.544) |
| Chews Paan with Tobacco | 0.045 | 0.207 | 0.043 | 0.203 | 0.002*** (3.325) |
| Drinks Alcohol | 0.062 | 0.241 | 0.065 | 0.247 | -0.003*** (-4.370) |
| Eating Habits | |||||
| Fried Food | 0.472 | 0.499 | 0.451 | 0.498 | 0.021*** (14.535) |
| Aerated Drinks | 0.280 | 0.449 | 0.234 | 0.423 | 0.046*** (37.081) |
| Household Characteristics | |||||
| Wealth Quintile | 2.745 | 1.207 | 1.814 | 1.363 | 0.930*** (2.4e+02) |
| Religion | 0.590 | 1.271 | 0.505 | 1.258 | 0.086*** (23.631) |
| Scheduled Caste | 0.151 | 0.358 | 0.187 | 0.390 | -0.036*** (-32.613) |
| Scheduled Tribe | 0.120 | 0.324 | 0.196 | 0.397 | -0.076*** (-68.823) |
| Other Backward Classes | 0.390 | 0.488 | 0.387 | 0.487 | 0.003** (2.353) |
| Insurance | 0.278 | 0.448 | 0.258 | 0.438 | 0.020*** (15.830) |
| Below Poverty Line | 0.286 | 0.452 | 0.408 | 0.491 | -0.122*** (-87.177) |
| Family Structure | 0.499 | 0.500 | 0.504 | 0.500 | -0.006*** (-4.089) |
| Number of Household Members | 5.531 | 2.696 | 5.825 | 2.638 | -0.294*** (-38.524) |
| Region | 0.452 | 0.498 | 0.257 | 0.437 | 0.195*** (1.5e+02) |
*** and ** indicates significance at 1% and 5% significance level.
# Difference = mean(Overweight or Obese)—mean(Non-Overweight). A positive value indicates that the mean is higher for overweight or obese population while a negative value indicates that the mean is higher for non-overweight population. The t-statistic is obtained from two-sample mean-comparison test with equal variances.