Table 1.
Causative organisms in hospitalized patients with CAP during the first post-pandemic influenza season (2010–2011).a
| N = 747 n (%) | |
|---|---|
| Bacterial | 154 (21.9)b |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 98 (13.1) |
| Haemophilus influenzae | 13 (1.7) |
| Staphylococcus aureusc | 11 (1.5) |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 9 (1.2) |
| Legionella pneumophila | 6 (0.8) |
| Others | 17 (2.2) |
| Viral | 125 (16.7) |
| Influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 | 96 (12.8) |
| Rhinovirus | 16 (2.1) |
| Influenza B | 5 (0.6) |
| Parainfluenza | 4 (0.5) |
| Others | 4 (0.5) |
| Mixed | 36 (4.8) |
| Influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 + S. Pneumoniae | 11 (1.5) |
| Rhinovirus + S. pneumoniae | 3 (0.4) |
| Influenza B + S. pneumoniae | 3 (0.4) |
| RSV + S. pneumoniae | 3 (0.4) |
| Others | 16 (2.1) |
| Unknown aetiology | 432 (57.2) |
CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus.
The number of diagnostic test performed were: RT-PCR 667, sputum culture 382, blood culture 445, pleural effusion culture 40, bronchoalveolar lavage culture (BAL) 49, pneumococcal urinary antigen test (PUAT) 617, and Legionella pneumophila urinary antigen test 570.
S. pneumoniae was identified by means of sputum culture (26 cases), blood culture (23), BAL (3), and PUAT (96); Haemophilus influenzae by sputum culture (15), blood culture (2), and BAL (1); Staphylococcus aureus by sputum culture (8), blood culture (6), and BAL (3); Pseudomonas aeruginosa sputum culture (13), blood culture (2), and BAL (1); and Legionella pneumophila by urinary antigen test (6).
Six cases were methicillin-resistant S. aureus.