Table 2.
Clinical presentation and duration of hospitalization of children with respiratory virus-associated hospitalizations, Comprehensive Rural Health Services Project, Ballabgarh, India, August 2009–July 2011.
| Virus negative (n = 147) |
Virus positivea (n = 98) |
p-Valueb | RSV (n = 50) |
Influenza (n = 17) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
| Symptoms | |||||||||
| Fever (reported) | 117 | 80% | 81 | 83% | 0.7 | 39 | 78% | 16 | 94% |
| Cough | 80 | 54% | 72 | 73% | <0.01 | 40 | 80% | 15 | 88% |
| Nasal congestion/nasal discharge | 33 | 22% | 38 | 39% | <0.01 | 20 | 40% | 8 | 47% |
| Fast breathing | 28 | 19% | 37 | 38% | <0.01 | 25 | 50% | 5 | 29% |
| Vomiting | 101 | 69% | 44 | 45% | <0.01 | 19 | 38% | 9 | 53% |
| Inability/refusal to feed | 42 | 29% | 29 | 30% | 0.86 | 18 | 36% | 5 | 29% |
| Diarrhea | 89 | 61% | 47 | 48% | 0.05 | 21 | 42% | 7 | 41% |
| Lethargy | 21 | 14% | 14 | 14% | 0.97 | 7 | 14% | 3 | 18% |
| Seizures | 6 | 4% | 5 | 5% | 0.71 | 3 | 6% | 2 | 12% |
| Signs | |||||||||
| Fever (measured) | 21 | 14% | 19 | 19% | 0.29 | 9 | 18% | 3 | 18% |
| Hypoxia (oxygen saturation <92%) | 24/141 | 17% | 27/95 | 28% | 0.04 | 17/48 | 35% | 4/16 | 25% |
| Tachypnea | 26 | 18% | 20 | 20% | 0.59 | 11 | 22% | 3 | 18% |
| Crepitations | 23 | 16% | 36 | 37% | <0.01 | 26 | 52% | 6 | 35% |
| Wheezing | 21 | 14% | 25 | 26% | 0.03 | 20 | 40% | 3 | 18% |
| Nasal flaring/grunting/chest indrawing | 9 | 6% | 19 | 19% | <0.01 | 16 | 32% | 2 | 12% |
| Stridor | 6 | 4% | 9 | 9% | 0.1 | 7 | 14% | 0 | 0% |
| Median length of stay (IQR, days) | 3 | (3–4) | 4 | (3–5) | 0.05 | 4 | (3–5) | 4 | (3–4) |
a
Positive for any respiratory virus (RSV, influenza, adenovirus, coronavirus, parainfluenza virus, or human metapneumovirus).
b
Comparison of virus negative and virus positive children using chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon test for continuous variables.