Davies 1992.
Methods | Setting: community, Ottawa, Canada Recruitment: each of 156 nursing students recruited 2 non‐hospitalised smokers (selected) | |
Participants | 307 smokers, average age 36, average cpd 20 | |
Interventions | ∙ List of community resources, delivered during a home visit by a nursing student ∙ Time to Quit (TTQ) self‐help booklet plus list of community resources, delivered by a nursing student after training in the TTQ programme | |
Outcomes | Abstinence at 9 months Validation: saliva cotinine < 100 ng/mL | |
Notes | It is unclear what advice was given to the control group Marginal to include because self‐help was confounded by student training, but does not affect meta‐analysis |
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Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Randomised; method not described |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | No details given |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes | High risk | Nurses knew who would receive more training after delivering control condition and before meeting with intervention participants, introducing likelihood of performance bias |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Participants lost to follow‐up re‐included as smokers for meta‐analysis; 28% lost to follow‐up; similar across groups |