Davies 1992.

Methods	Setting: community, Ottawa, Canada Recruitment: each of 156 nursing students recruited 2 non‐hospitalised smokers (selected)
Participants	307 smokers, average age 36, average cpd 20
Interventions	∙ List of community resources, delivered during a home visit by a nursing student ∙ Time to Quit (TTQ) self‐help booklet plus list of community resources, delivered by a nursing student after training in the TTQ programme
Outcomes	Abstinence at 9 months Validation: saliva cotinine < 100 ng/mL
Notes	It is unclear what advice was given to the control group Marginal to include because self‐help was confounded by student training, but does not affect meta‐analysis
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Randomised; method not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No details given
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Nurses knew who would receive more training after delivering control condition and before meeting with intervention participants, introducing likelihood of performance bias
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Participants lost to follow‐up re‐included as smokers for meta‐analysis; 28% lost to follow‐up; similar across groups