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. 2020 Apr 1;6(14):eaay4858. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aay4858

Fig. 6. Rapid transcriptional induction by SEC depends on its ability to phase separate.

Fig. 6

(A and B) Confocal imaging of FOS FISH with concurrent AFF4 (A) or CDK9 (B) IF in wild-type and ENL knockout HCT 116 cells after serum treatment. (C) Confocal imaging of FOS FISH in wild-type and ENL knockout HCT 116 cells after serum stimulation for different time periods. Only wild-type ENL, but not the ENL IDR deletion mutant, can rescue FOS transcriptional induction defect caused by ENL knockout. DNA was counterstained using DAPI. (D) Mean number of locus transcribing FOS per cell after serum stimulation for different time periods in wild-type and ENL knockout HCT 116 cells. Total n > 100 cells. Results are representative of three biological replicates. (E) Median fluorescence intensities of FOS transcribing loci after serum stimulation for different time periods in wild-type and ENL knockout HCT 116 cells. Total n > 100 cells. Results are representative of three biological replicates. (F) Cartoon model showing that the SEC components compartmentalize P-TEFb from HEXIM1 and that the SEC complex form phase-separated droplets at its target gene to promote RNA pol II pause release. The fusion of the SEC subunits, such as ENL, with MLL leads to increased phase separation of SEC.