Table 3.

RPA methods with end point detection other than lateral flow assays.

Organism	Target	Sample	Amplification device	Transduction	Detection Platform	Amp. Time (min)	LOD	T (ºC)	Ref.
Canine parvorius type 2	ssDNA	Fecal swabs	Water bath	Fluorescence	Agarose gel electrophoresis	20	10 copies	38	[91]
Madurella mycetomatis	dsDNA	Biopsy specimens	Heat block	Fluorescence	Agarose gel electrophoresis	20	0,47 ng	39	[92]
Closely related bacteria	dsDNA	Bacterial culture	Thermocycler	Fluorescence	Agarose gel electrophoresis	20	–	39	[60]
Begomoviruses	ssDNA	Tomato, tobacco and bean leaves	Water bath, heating block, thermocycler	Fluorescence	Agarose gel electrophoresis	30	9,6 pg	37	[52]
Canine parvovirus type 2	ssDNA	Fecal samples	Water bath	Fluorescence	Agarose gel electrophoresis	20	10 copies	38	[91]
aRose rosette virus	ssRNA	Leaves, stems and petals	Heating block	Fluorescence	Agarose gel electrophoresis	20	1fg/uL	42	[93]
Human cancer cells	Met-DNA	Cell cultures and whole blood	Heat block	Flocculation	Eppendorf tube. Naked eye	30	0,5 ng	37	[85]
Mycobacterium tuberculosis	dsDNA	Cell cultures	Incubator	Flocculation	Eppendorf tube. Naked eye	20	10 CFU	38	[86]
bPseudomonas syringae …	dsDNA, RNA	Leaves, bovine cells, water …	Incubator	Flocculation	Eppendorf tube. Naked eye	15	–	37	[87]
Salmonella	dsDNA	Food and clinical samples	DVD, oven	Change in reflected light intensity	DVD drive	40	6–30 CFU/ml	37	[42]
GMOs, peanut, Salmonella, Campylobacter	dsDNA	Cell cultures and certified reference materials	Microstructured DVD and sealing layer, laboratory oven	Transmitted beam intensity	DVD drive	45	50–900 fg	37	[44]
GMOs	dsDNA	Food products	Microfluidic chamber on DVD. Oven	Change in reflected light intensity	DVD drive	40	4–9 copies or 7 μg/g	37	[41]
Francisella tularensis	dsDNA	DNA template	Microtitre plate, incubator	Change in color	Microtiter plate reader	40	4·106 copies	37	[30]
Allergens, GMOS, bacteria and fungi	dsDNA	Cell cultures	Microtiter plate, oven	Change in color	Microtiter plate reader. Visual detection	40	1,3–5,3 μg/g 6–13 CFU/ml	40	[37],[5]
Yersinia pestis	dsDNA	Synthetic and genomic DNA	Microtiter plate, incubator	Change in color	Microtitre plate reader	30	3,14·10−16M	37	[5]
Mycobacterium tuberculosis	dsDNA	Cell cultures	Incubator	Change in color	Spectrophotometer visual detection	20	1 cfu	38	[33]
Human	dsDNA	Buccal smear	100 well array chip + oven	Color	Polycarbonate chips, desktop scanner	40	5–10% genomic SNP	37	[6]
Human lung cancer cells	dsDNA	Lung tissue	Not specified	Visual read-out. Color change	Eppendorf tube. Naked eye	5–10	20 pg	–	[38]
MRSA, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Salmonella enterica	dsDNA	Genomic DNA	Programmable hybridization chamber	Fluorescence	Microarray scanner	<20	10–100 cfu	38	[39]
HIV, hepatitis C and B, influenza A and B	dsDNA, RNA	Whole blood	Incubator	Fluorescence	Microwell chip with QD immobilised, optics and mobile phone camera	10–30	1000 copies	37	[89]
Antibiotic resistant bacteria	dsDNA	Cell cultures	Microfluidic cartridge + homemade heater	Fluorescence	Microfluidic cartridge + homemade electronic detector	30	10 copies	37	[59]
Human adenovirus 41, Phi X 174 and Enterococcus faecalis	dsDNA	Plasmid template	Microarray chip	Chemiluminescence	Microarray analysis platform	40	35GU/μL, 1GU/μL, 1000GU/μL	37	[43]
Francisella tularensis	dsDNA	DNA template	Electrode, aluminium block	Electrochemical. Chronoamperometry	Sputtered gold electrodes. Potentiostat	60	2·105 copies	37	[30]
Piscirickettsia salmonis	dsDNA	Salmon	In house heater	Electrochemical. Chronoamperometry	Sputtered gold electrode array. Potentiostat	40	3000 copies	37	[31]
Mycobacterium tuberculosis	dsDNA	Cell cultures	Incubator	Electrochemical. Chronoamperometry	Screen-printed carbon electrodes. Potentiostat	20	1 cfu	38	[33]
Leishmania infantum	dsDNA	Dog blood	Not specified	Electrochemical. Chronoamperometry	Screen-printed carbon electrode. Potentiostat	10	0,8 parasites/ml	37	[32]
Mycobacterium tuberculosis	dsDNA	Genomic DNA from cultured cells	Incubator	Electrochemical. Differential pulse voltammetry	Screen-printed carbon electrodes. Potentiostat	20	1 cfu	38	[34]
Pseudomonas syringae	dsDNA	Leaves	Thermocycler	Electrochemical. Differential pulse voltammetry	Carbon screen printed electrode. Potentiostat	20	15 copies	37	[35]
aHuman prostate cancer cells	RNA	Urine	Incubator	Colorimetric readout/electrochemical	Eppendorf/spectrophotometer/screen printed electrode	20	1.000–100.000 copies	43	[36]
aHuman prostate cancer cells	RNA	Urine	Not specified	SERS	Portable raman microscope	15	100 copies	41	[55]
aHuman prostate cancer cells	RNA	Cell cultures, tumor tissue, urine	Not specified	SERS	Portable raman microscope	20	100 copies	41	[90]
Botrys cinerea, Pseudomonas syringae, Fusarium oxysporum	dsDNA	Plant and tomato tissue	Incubator	SERS	Portable raman microscope	20	1,9 fmol	37	[56]

ssDNA = single stranded DNA; ds DNA = double stranded DNA; met-DNA = methylated DNA.

^aTwistAmp Basic RT kit.

^bFusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cineres, cucumber mosaic virus, bovine herpes virus 1, Escherichia coli, proviral HIV, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, influenza virus H1N1.