Table 2.
Selected data from studies of viruses associated with acute otitis media (AOM)
| Study | No. of children | No. of MEF | Virus detection methoda | Virus infection associated with AOMb (%) | Proportion of virus-positive MEF (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yoshie (1955) | 10 | 10 | Culture, serology | 40 | 40 |
| Grönroos (1964) | 322 | 399 | Culture | NR | 0 |
| Berglund (1966) | 27 | 44 | Culture, serology | 37 | 33 |
| Tilles (1967) | 90 | NR | Culture, serology | 27 | 3 |
| Klein (1982) | 53 | 53 | Ag | 34 | 25 |
| Chonmaitree (1986) | 84 | 84 | Culture | 39 | 20 |
| Sarkkinen (1985) | 137 | 137 | Ag | 42 | 18 |
| Pitkäranta (1998) | 92 | 92 | RT-PCR | 75 | 48 |
| Heikkinen (1999) | 456 | 815 | Culture, Ag, serology | 41 | 17 |
| Chonmaitree (2000) | 40 | 65 | Culture, PCR | NR | 74 |
| Nokso-Koivisto (2004) | 940 | 3210 | Ag, RT-PCR | 63 | 38 |
NR: not reported.
a
Ag: antigen detection, RT: reverse transcription, PCR: polymerase chain reaction.
b
Specific virus detected in nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) and/or middle ear fluid (MEF) specimen(s), and/or a viral infection documented serologically from paired serum samples.