Table 4.

Risk analysis of disease‐free survival after propensity‐score matching

	Univariate			Multivariate
Variables	HR	95% CI	P‐value	aHR	95% CI	P‐value
Extent of resection (SPSR)	1.026	0.383–2.748	0.958	0.852	0.276–2.897	0.852
Inappropriate margin of SPSR	3.736	1.296–10.766	0.015	2.554	0.601–10.854	0.204*
Age	1.035	0.981–1.091	0.211	–	–	–
Gender (male)	2.209	0.737–5.590	0.171	–	–	–
Smoking history (smoker)	3.556	1.331–9.502	0.011	2.127	0.602–7.511	0.241
Preoperative CEA level (abnormal)	1.043	1.011–1.076	0.007	1.003	0.964–1.042	0.898
Charlson comorbidity score	1.275	0.969–1.677	0.082	1.091	0.735–1.619	0.666
Maximum tumor dimension	2.408	0.996–5.825	0.051	0.234	0.021–2.620	0.239
Radiologic appearance (solid‐dominant)	3.582	1.239–10.354	0.018	2.125	0.536–8.423	0.283
Preoperative PET/CT (without)	1.172	0.435–3.160	0.753	–	–	–
Surgical method (VATS)	0.821	0.107–6.295	0.849	–	–	–
Clinical stage	2.143	1.261–2.143	0.005	2.213	0.555–8.823	0.260
Clinical characteristics
Pathological stage	1.299	0.842–2.004	0.237	–	–	–
Pleural invasion (PL2)	9.320	3.333–26.067	<0.001	1.916	0.422–8.710	0.400
Histology differentiation (poorly)	5.794	2.089–16.066	0.001	1.504	0.299–7.572	0.621
Angiolymphatic invasion (yes)	16.236	5.878–44.849	<0.001	7.114	1.295–39.076	0.024
Predominate pattern group (high grade)	7.506	2.781–20.254	<0.001	1.130	0.219–5.832	0.884
Lymph node sampling (<3)	2.901	0.656–12.821	0.160	–	–	–
Lymph node station (<15)	1.383	0.499–3.833	0.533	–	–	–
Adjuvant chemotherapy (yes)	1.867	0.602–5.793	0.280	–	–	–

^* Adjusted with smoking history, preoperative CEA level, Charlson comorbidity score, maximum tumor dimension, radiologic appearance, pleural invasion (PL2), histology differentiation, angiolymphatic invasion and predominate pattern.

Calculated by Cox regression method; only variables with P ≤ 0.1 after the univariate analyses were entered into the multivariate model;

SPSR, surgeons' preference sublobar resection.