Table 3.
Multiple linear regression analysis for EQ‐5D index scores
| Patients with esophageal precancerous lesions | Patients with esophageal cancer | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Coefficient (95% CI) | S.E. | t | P‐value | Coefficient (95% CI) | S.E. | t | P‐value |
| Intercept | 0.854 (0.77–0.94) | 0.044 | 19.41 | <0.001* | 0.741 (0.70–0.78) | 0.018 | 39.76 | <0.001* |
| Region (Ref = West) | ||||||||
| East | 0.073 (0.02–0.12) | 0.026 | 2.82 | 0.006* | −0.059 (−0.08–0.03) | 0.013 | −4.31 | <0.001* |
| Central | 0.040 (−0.22–0.30) | 0.132 | 0.30 | 0.764 | −0.005 (−0.03–0.02) | 0.015 | 0.02 | 0.982 |
| Northeast | 0.090 (0.03–0.15) | 0.031 | 2.90 | 0.004* | −0.126 (−0.16–0.09) | 0.018 | −6.74 | <0.001* |
| Education (Ref = Primary school or below) | ||||||||
| Junior high school | −0.088 (−0.14− −0.03) | 0.028 | −3.11 | 0.002* | — | — | — | — |
| Senior high school | −0.052 (−0.12– 0.01) | 0.034 | −1.55 | 0.124 | — | — | — | — |
| Undergraduate or over | −0.087 (−0.17 − −0.01) | 0.040 | −2.19 | 0.030* | — | — | — | — |
| Occupation (Ref = Farmer) | ||||||||
| Enterprise or company employee/worker | — | — | — | — | 0.018 (−0.02–0.06) | 0.019 | 0.93 | 0.351 |
| Self‐employed or unemployed | — | — | — | — | 0.021 (−0.01–0.06) | 0.018 | 1.10 | 0.269 |
| Public sector employee | — | — | — | — | −0.065 (−0.10– –0.03) | 0.019 | −3.32 | 0.001* |
| Retiree | — | — | — | — | 0.013 (−0.04–0.06) | 0.025 | 0.44 | 0.660 |
| Other | — | — | — | — | 0.090 (−0.10–0.28) | 0.096 | 0.95 | 0.341 |
| Household income in 2012, CNY (Ref = <20 000) | ||||||||
| 20 000~ | — | — | — | — | 0.041 (0.01–0.07) | 0.014 | 3.02 | 0.003* |
| 40 000~ | — | — | — | — | 0.049 (0.02–0.08) | 0.015 | 3.32 | 0.001* |
| 60 000~ | — | — | — | — | 0.016 (−0.02–0.05) | 0.018 | 1.13 | 0.259 |
| ≥80 000 | — | — | — | — | 0.033 (0.00–0.07) | 0.018 | 1.96 | 0.050 |
| Health care insurance type (Ref = New rural cooperative medical scheme) | ||||||||
| Urban employee basic medical insurance | 0.077 (0.03–0.13) | 0.024 | 3.16 | 0.002* | 0.008 (−0.03–0.04) | 0.018 | 0.36 | 0.719 |
| Urban residents basic medical insurance | −0.054 (−0.12–0.01) | 0.034 | −1.61 | 0.109 | −0.050 (−0.08– ‐0.01) | 0.018 | −2.60 | 0.009* |
| Other insurance | 0.117 (−0.07–0.30) | 0.093 | 1.25 | 0.213 | 0.005 (−0.05–0.06) | 0.030 | 0.40 | 0.688 |
| Self‐pay | 0.140 (−0.06–0.34) | 0.099 | 1.42 | 0.159 | 0.059 (−0.05–0.17) | 0.056 | 1.06 | 0.288 |
| Age at diagnosis, years (ref = <45) | ||||||||
| 45–49 | 0.021 (−0.05 to 0.09) | 0.035 | 0.58 | 0.560 | — | — | — | — |
| 50–54 | −0.066 (−0.13 to 0.00) | 0.033 | −1.98 | 0.050 | — | — | — | — |
| 55–59 | −0.005 (−0.08 to 0.07) | 0.037 | −0.14 | 0.887 | — | — | — | — |
| Pathological type (Ref = squamous cell carcinoma) | ||||||||
| Adenoma | — | — | — | — | −0.047 (−0.08– −0.01) | 0.019 | −2.47 | 0.014* |
| Other types of cancer | — | — | — | — | 0.040 (0.02–0.06) | 0.012 | 3.41 | 0.001* |
| Type of therapy (Ref = symptomatic treatment) | ||||||||
| Surgery | — | — | — | — | −0.065 (−0.10– ‐0.03) | 0.017 | −3.89 | <0.001* |
| Radiotherapy | — | — | — | — | 0.051 (0.01–0.09) | 0.019 | 2.73 | 0.006* |
| Chemotherapy | — | — | — | — | 0.077 (0.04–0.11) | 0.017 | 4.28 | 0.000* |
| Surgery & postoperative chemotherapy | — | — | — | — | 0.037 (0.00–0.08) | 0.021 | 1.75 | 0.080 |
| Neoadjuvant chemotherapy & surgery | — | — | — | — | 0.030 (−0.04–0.10) | 0.036 | 0.77 | 0.442 |
| Concurrent chemoradiotherapy | — | — | — | — | 0.066 (0.03–0.11) | 0.021 | 3.23 | <0.001* |
| Other | — | — | — | — | 0.039 (−0.06–0.14) | 0.051 | 0.70 | 0.485 |
| Time points of the survey (Ref = in treatment) | ||||||||
| Pretreatment | — | — | — | — | 0.064 (0.04–0.09) | 0.015 | 4.30 | <0.001* |
| Post‐treatment | — | — | — | — | 0.027 (0.00–0.05) | 0.013 | 1.84 | 0.066 |
| Follow‐up | — | — | — | — | 0.014 (−0.03–0.06) | 0.022 | 0.56 | 0.574 |
Note. Model of patients with esophageal precancerous lesions: F = 3.988 P < 0.001 R2 = 0.279.
Model of patients with esophageal cancer: F = 11.194 P < 0.001 R2 = 0.141.
Estimate of partial regression coefficient.
*
Significant difference P < 0.05.