Table 4:

Racial differences in continuous allergic outcomes at age 10, before and after covariate adjustment and multiple imputation.

	Total IgE				FEV1 (% Predicted)				FVC (% Predicted)				FEV1/FVC Ratio				FEF 25–75 (% Predicted)
Crude Mean±SD1	Black	79.2±4.5				99.4±14.7				105.3±13.5				82.8±7.9				87.4±28.5
	White	40.6±4.4				100.4±10.4				104.0±11.1				84.9±6.2				89.2±22.6
Adjustment Covariate	N	β2,3	SE	p-value	N	β2	SE	p-value	N	β2	SE	p-value	N	β2	SE	p-value	N	β2	SE	p-value
Unadjusted	464	0.62	0.16	<.05	454	−0.3	1.53	0.85	451	1.7	1.44	0.24	454	−1.49	0.82	0.07	453	0.08	2.97	0.98
Household Income	464	0.59	0.17	<.05	454	0.08	1.64	0.96	451	2.01	1.54	0.19	454	−1.44	0.87	0.10	453	−0.26	3.17	0.93
Maternal Education	464	0.62	0.17	<.05	454	0.17	1.6	0.92	451	2.42	1.52	0.11	454	−1.65	0.86	0.06	453	0	3.09	0.99
Maternal Marital Status	464	0.67	0.17	<.05	454	−0.15	1.62	0.93	451	2.1	1.52	0.17	454	−1.62	0.87	0.06	453	−0.46	3.14	0.89
Make monthly mortgage or rental payments	422	0.49	0.17	<.05	411	−0.24	1.63	0.89	408	0.76	1.54	0.62	411	−0.72	0.85	0.4	410	2.46	3.14	0.43
Parental history of doctor-diagnosed allergies	397	0.55	0.18	<.05	385	0.82	1.69	0.63	382	2.93	1.56	0.06	385	−1.51	0.9	0.10	384	1.91	3.3	0.56
Prenatal indoor pet(s)	464	0.47	0.18	<.05	454	2.37	1.66	0.16	451	3.95	1.57	0.01	454	−0.8	0.9	0.37	453	4.14	3.24	0.20
Prenatal ETS exposure	464	0.62	0.16	<.05	454	−0.62	1.54	0.69	451	1.43	1.45	0.33	454	−1.49	0.83	0.07	453	−0.38	2.99	0.90
Prenatal antibiotic use	377	0.6	0.18	<.05	368	−1.27	1.73	0.47	367	0.79	1.63	0.63	368	−1.68	0.95	0.08	368	−1.21	3.46	0.73
Prenatal antifungal use	377	0.57	0.18	<.05	368	−1.4	1.7	0.41	367	0.64	1.59	0.69	368	−1.64	0.93	0.08	368	−1.41	3.4	0.68
Ever breastfed their child	445	0.54	0.16	<.05	438	0.12	1.55	0.94	435	1.58	1.43	0.27	438	−1.06	0.82	0.20	437	1.79	3.05	0.56
Season of birth	464	0.63	0.16	<.05	454	−0.29	1.53	0.85	451	1.67	1.44	0.25	454	−1.49	0.82	0.07	453	0.2	2.98	0.95
Mode of delivery	463	0.6	0.16	<.05	453	−0.32	1.54	0.83	450	1.59	1.45	0.27	453	−1.42	0.82	0.08	452	0.19	2.98	0.95
Child sex	464	0.64	0.16	<.05	454	−0.43	1.53	0.78	451	1.6	1.44	0.27	454	−1.58	0.81	0.05	453	0.04	2.97	0.99
Maternal age at birth	464	0.65	0.17	<.05	454	0.55	1.58	0.73	451	2.59	1.48	0.08	454	−1.42	0.85	0.09	453	0.92	3.06	0.76
Maternal BMI-first measured in pregnancy	437	0.52	0.17	<.05	428	−1.34	1.53	0.38	425	0.6	1.43	0.68	428	−1.39	0.86	0.11	427	−0.72	3.07	0.82
Birthweight z-score	441	0.63	0.18	<.05	430	0.1	1.72	0.95	427	1.62	2.66	0.10	430	−2.43	0.9	<.05	429	−0.79	3.29	0.81
Gestational age at delivery	458	0.61	0.17	<.05	448	−0.85	1.58	0.59	445	1.17	1.49	0.43	448	−1.64	0.84	0.05	447	−0.84	3.04	0.78
Number of older siblings	464	0.64	0.16	<.05	454	−0.51	1.53	0.74	451	1.55	1.45	0.29	454	−1.55	0.82	0.06	453	−0.43	2.96	0.88
Fully Adjusted-Without Imputation	263	0.19	0.29	0.52	253	1.6	2.72	0.56	252	4.28	2.41	0.08	253	−2.35	1.46	0.11	253	0.73	5.64	0.90
Fully Adjusted-With Imputation	481	0.25	0.21	0.22	481	1.78	2.04	0.38	481	4.08	1.87	<.05	481	−1.7	1.07	0.11	481	0.38	3.93	0.92

¹Prior to IPW. Arithmetic mean and SD provided for all variables except total IgE, where geometric mean and SD is provided.

²Mean difference in specified outcome comparing black versus white children, respectively. All models use IPWs to account for loss to follow-up.

³Outcome is log-transformed, so coefficient corresponds to the mean difference in log(total IgE). Equivalently, exp(β) corresponds to the ratio of the geometric mean total IgE in black versus white children. For example, when β=0.62, exp(β)=1.86, meaning that black children have an 86% higher geometric mean of total IgE, compared to white children.