Table 1.
Strategies for MDSC targeting
| Targeted process | Known mechanism of action | Agent |
|---|---|---|
| MDSC accumulation | Induction of MDSC differentiation | ATRA |
| Induction of MDSC apoptosis Inhibit DNA synthesis | Gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil | |
| Inhibition of MDSC generation VEGFR and c-KIT inhibitor | Sunitinib | |
| MDSC recruitment | CCR2 antagonist | PF-04136309 |
| CCR5 antagonist | Maraviroc, vicriviroc | |
| Inhibition of CXCR2 | SX-682 | |
| MDSC function | Inhibition of PDE-5 | Sildenafil, tadalafil |
| Class I HDAC inhibitor | Entinostat | |
| IDO inhibitor | Indoximod |
MDSC, myeloid-derived suppressor cell; ATRA, all-trans retinoic acid; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; CCL, CC chemokine ligand; CXCR2, CXC chemokine receptor 2; PDE-5, phosphodiesterase-5; HDAC, histone deacetylase; IDO, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase.