Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics stratified by quartiles of GNRI and Cr index.
| Baseline characteristics | Overall (n = 3536) | Quartiles of GNRI (n = 3536) | Quartiles of Cr index (n = 3536) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 (≤89.8) (n = 891) | Q2 (89.9 to 95.2) (n = 879) | Q3 (95.3 to 99.0) (n = 890) | Q4 (≥99.1) (n = 876) | P for trend | Q1 (≤18.9) (n = 889) | Q2 (19.0 to 20.8) (n = 892) | Q3 (20.9 to 22.9) (n = 883) | Q4 (≥23.0) (n = 872) | P for trend | ||
| Age, years | 66 (58–74) | 70 (63–78) | 67 (61–75) | 65 (57–72) | 61 (52–69) | <0.001 | 74 (67–80) | 68 (62–75) | 64 (59–71) | 56 (47–63) | <0.001 |
| Gender, male, % | 65.0 | 58.5 | 62.6 | 66.4 | 72.6 | <0.001 | 41.7 | 56.5 | 73.4 | 88.9 | <0.001 |
| Dialysis vintage, years | 4.2 (0.8–10.1) | 3.7 (0.4–10.8) | 4.9 (0.9–12.0) | 4.3 (1.0–9.6) | 3.9 (1.1–8.7) | 0.16 | 1.2 (0.3–5.2) | 3.6 (0.6–9.0) | 5.8 (2.9–12.1) | 6.7 (2.9–12.8) | <0.001 |
| Body weight, kg | 56.5 (48.8–64.3) | 49.0 (43.0–56.4) | 54.2 (47.5–60.9) | 59.5 (52.9–67.1) | 62.4 (55.3–69.3) | <0.001 | 50.2 (44.0–57.6) | 53.8 (47.0–61.1) | 57.8 (50.8–65.1) | 63.4 (56.5–70.1) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 39.9 | 39.4 | 39.0 | 39.7 | 41.6 | 0.34 | 49.6 | 45.1 | 37.7 | 27.0 | <0.001 |
| CVDs, % | 56.3 | 61.5 | 61.1 | 53.3 | 49.2 | <0.001 | 67.0 | 59.1 | 54.1 | 44.6 | <0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 150 (134–165) | 145 (130–162) | 148 (134–165) | 150 (134–165) | 151 (136–167) | <0.001 | 147 (130–163) | 149 (134–165) | 150 (134–164) | 150 (136–167) | 0.002 |
| Single pool Kt/V | 1.3 (1.2–1.5) | 1.4 (1.1–1.6) | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) | 1.3 (1.2–1.5) | 1.3 (1.1–1.5) | <0.001 | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) | 1.3 (1.2–1.5) | 0.31 |
| nPCR, g/kg/day | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 0.9 (0.7–1.0) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 1.0 (0.8–1.1) | <0.001 | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 1.0 (0.8–1.1) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.1 (19.0–23.4) | 18.7 (17.1–20.6) | 20.1 (18.7–22.4) | 22.2 (20.4–24.2) | 22.4 (21.0–24.4) | <0.001 | 20.2 (18.1–22.7) | 20.6 (18.6–23.1) | 21.1 (19.3–23.4) | 22.0 (20.2–24.0) | <0.001 |
| Presence of RKF, % | 12.1 | 11.2 | 11.7 | 13.9 | 11.6 | 0.47 | 17.3 | 13.2 | 9.9 | 8.0 | <0.001 |
| Serum albumin, g/dL | 3.7 (3.4–3.9) | 3.2 (3.0–3.4) | 3.6 (3.5–3.8) | 3.8 (3.7–3.8) | 4.1 (4.0–4.2) | <0.001 | 3.5 (3.2–3.8) | 3.7 (3.4–3.9) | 3.7 (3.5–3.9) | 3.9 (3.7–4.1) | <0.001 |
| Serum CRP, mg/dL | 0.12 (0.06–0.40) | 0.25 (0.10–1.02) | 0.12 (0.06–0.30) | 0.10 (0.05–0.28) | 0.10 (0.05–0.26) | <0.001 | 0.20 (0.08–0.60) | 0.13 (0.06–0.40) | 0.10 (0.06–0.30) | 0.10 (0.05–0.30) | <0.001 |
| BUN, mg/dL | 62.8 (52.4–73.5) | 58.4 (46.0–70.0) | 61.0 (51.8–72.4) | 64.0 (55.0–73.6) | 66.7 (57.7–77.2) | <0.001 | 54.5 (44.6–66.5) | 60.0 (50.7–70.0) | 65.0 (56.0–75.0) | 70.0 (61.0–79.2) | <0.001 |
| Serum Cr, mg/dL | 10.0 (8.1–12.1) | 8.4 (6.6–10.2) | 9.8 (8.2–11.5) | 10.7 (8.8–12.6) | 11.3 (9.3–13.6) | <0.001 | 6.7 (5.6–7.7) | 9.1 (8.4–9.8) | 11.0 (10.3–11.6) | 13.7 (12.8–14.8) | <0.001 |
| Serum calcium, mg/dL | 8.8 (8.3–9.3) | 8.5 (8.0–8.9) | 8.8 (8.3–9.3) | 8.9 (8.4–9.4) | 9.1 (8.6–9.5) | <0.001 | 8.6 (8.1–9.1) | 8.8 (8.3–9.3) | 8.9 (8.4–9.4) | 9.0 (8.6–9.5) | <0.001 |
| Serum Pi, mg/dL | 5.3 (4.5–6.2) | 4.9 (4.1–5.9) | 5.1 (4.4–5.9) | 5.5 (4.7–6.2) | 5.7 (4.9–6.6) | <0.001 | 4.8 (4.0–5.5) | 5.1 (4.4–6.0) | 5.5 (4.8–6.3) | 5.8 (5.0–6.7) | <0.001 |
| Serum ALP, U/L | 234 (186–309) | 249 (198–324) | 247 (196–322) | 223 (176–296) | 222 (181–287) | <0.001 | 258 (202–331) | 244 (194–328) | 231 (181–307) | 219 (176–279) | <0.001 |
| Serum PTH, pg/mL | 127 (66–210) | 114 (52–180) | 138 (72–214) | 129 (73–212) | 130 (69–218) | 0.03 | 123 (65–187) | 122 (60–199) | 127 (67–220) | 135 (71–224) | 0.07 |
| Use of VDRAs, % | 48.2 | 38.2 | 50.1 | 51.1 | 53.5 | <0.001 | 35.1 | 45.2 | 54.3 | 58.5 | <0.001 |
| Use of Pi-binders, % | 57.8 | 45.0 | 61.1 | 59.9 | 66.2 | <0.001 | 35.2 | 52.5 | 68.7 | 75.1 | <0.001 |
| Use of ESAs, % | 58.7 | 55.2 | 60.3 | 56.7 | 62.6 | 0.01 | 50.4 | 58.7 | 66.1 | 59.5 | <0.001 |
Data are expressed as median (95% CI) or percentage. Abbreviations: ALP, alkaline phosphatase; BMI, body mass index; BUN, Blood urea nitrogen; CI, confidence interval; Cr, creatinine; CRP, C-reactive protein; CVDs, cardiovascular diseases, ESAs, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents; GNRI, geriatric nutritional risk index; nPCR, normalized protein catabolic rate; Pi, phosphate; PTH, parathyroid hormone; RKF, residual kidney function; SBP, systolic blood pressure; VDRAs, vitamin D receptor activators.